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Edit File: Tkinter.py

"""Wrapper functions for Tcl/Tk. Tkinter provides classes which allow the display, positioning and control of widgets. Toplevel widgets are Tk and Toplevel. Other widgets are Frame, Label, Entry, Text, Canvas, Button, Radiobutton, Checkbutton, Scale, Listbox, Scrollbar, OptionMenu, Spinbox LabelFrame and PanedWindow. Properties of the widgets are specified with keyword arguments. Keyword arguments have the same name as the corresponding resource under Tk. Widgets are positioned with one of the geometry managers Place, Pack or Grid. These managers can be called with methods place, pack, grid available in every Widget. Actions are bound to events by resources (e.g. keyword argument command) or with the method bind. Example (Hello, World): import Tkinter from Tkconstants import * tk = Tkinter.Tk() frame = Tkinter.Frame(tk, relief=RIDGE, borderwidth=2) frame.pack(fill=BOTH,expand=1) label = Tkinter.Label(frame, text="Hello, World") label.pack(fill=X, expand=1) button = Tkinter.Button(frame,text="Exit",command=tk.destroy) button.pack(side=BOTTOM) tk.mainloop() """ __version__ = "$Revision: 81008 $" import sys if sys.platform == "win32": # Attempt to configure Tcl/Tk without requiring PATH import FixTk import _tkinter # If this fails your Python may not be configured for Tk tkinter = _tkinter # b/w compat for export TclError = _tkinter.TclError from types import * from Tkconstants import * import re wantobjects = 1 TkVersion = float(_tkinter.TK_VERSION) TclVersion = float(_tkinter.TCL_VERSION) READABLE = _tkinter.READABLE WRITABLE = _tkinter.WRITABLE EXCEPTION = _tkinter.EXCEPTION # These are not always defined, e.g. not on Win32 with Tk 8.0 :-( try: _tkinter.createfilehandler except AttributeError: _tkinter.createfilehandler = None try: _tkinter.deletefilehandler except AttributeError: _tkinter.deletefilehandler = None _magic_re = re.compile(r'([\\{}])') _space_re = re.compile(r'([\s])') def _join(value): """Internal function.""" return ' '.join(map(_stringify, value)) def _stringify(value): """Internal function.""" if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)): if len(value) == 1: value = _stringify(value[0]) if value[0] == '{': value = '{%s}' % value else: value = '{%s}' % _join(value) else: if isinstance(value, basestring): value = unicode(value) else: value = str(value) if not value: value = '{}' elif _magic_re.search(value): # add '\' before special characters and spaces value = _magic_re.sub(r'\\\1', value) value = _space_re.sub(r'\\\1', value) elif value[0] == '"' or _space_re.search(value): value = '{%s}' % value return value def _flatten(tuple): """Internal function.""" res = () for item in tuple: if type(item) in (TupleType, ListType): res = res + _flatten(item) elif item is not None: res = res + (item,) return res try: _flatten = _tkinter._flatten except AttributeError: pass def _cnfmerge(cnfs): """Internal function.""" if type(cnfs) is DictionaryType: return cnfs elif type(cnfs) in (NoneType, StringType): return cnfs else: cnf = {} for c in _flatten(cnfs): try: cnf.update(c) except (AttributeError, TypeError), msg: print "_cnfmerge: fallback due to:", msg for k, v in c.items(): cnf[k] = v return cnf try: _cnfmerge = _tkinter._cnfmerge except AttributeError: pass class Event: """Container for the properties of an event. Instances of this type are generated if one of the following events occurs: KeyPress, KeyRelease - for keyboard events ButtonPress, ButtonRelease, Motion, Enter, Leave, MouseWheel - for mouse events Visibility, Unmap, Map, Expose, FocusIn, FocusOut, Circulate, Colormap, Gravity, Reparent, Property, Destroy, Activate, Deactivate - for window events. If a callback function for one of these events is registered using bind, bind_all, bind_class, or tag_bind, the callback is called with an Event as first argument. It will have the following attributes (in braces are the event types for which the attribute is valid): serial - serial number of event num - mouse button pressed (ButtonPress, ButtonRelease) focus - whether the window has the focus (Enter, Leave) height - height of the exposed window (Configure, Expose) width - width of the exposed window (Configure, Expose) keycode - keycode of the pressed key (KeyPress, KeyRelease) state - state of the event as a number (ButtonPress, ButtonRelease, Enter, KeyPress, KeyRelease, Leave, Motion) state - state as a string (Visibility) time - when the event occurred x - x-position of the mouse y - y-position of the mouse x_root - x-position of the mouse on the screen (ButtonPress, ButtonRelease, KeyPress, KeyRelease, Motion) y_root - y-position of the mouse on the screen (ButtonPress, ButtonRelease, KeyPress, KeyRelease, Motion) char - pressed character (KeyPress, KeyRelease) send_event - see X/Windows documentation keysym - keysym of the event as a string (KeyPress, KeyRelease) keysym_num - keysym of the event as a number (KeyPress, KeyRelease) type - type of the event as a number widget - widget in which the event occurred delta - delta of wheel movement (MouseWheel) """ pass _support_default_root = 1 _default_root = None def NoDefaultRoot(): """Inhibit setting of default root window. Call this function to inhibit that the first instance of Tk is used for windows without an explicit parent window. """ global _support_default_root _support_default_root = 0 global _default_root _default_root = None del _default_root def _tkerror(err): """Internal function.""" pass def _exit(code=0): """Internal function. Calling it will raise the exception SystemExit.""" try: code = int(code) except ValueError: pass raise SystemExit, code _varnum = 0 class Variable: """Class to define value holders for e.g. buttons. Subclasses StringVar, IntVar, DoubleVar, BooleanVar are specializations that constrain the type of the value returned from get().""" _default = "" def __init__(self, master=None, value=None, name=None): """Construct a variable MASTER can be given as master widget. VALUE is an optional value (defaults to "") NAME is an optional Tcl name (defaults to PY_VARnum). If NAME matches an existing variable and VALUE is omitted then the existing value is retained. """ global _varnum if not master: master = _default_root self._master = master self._tk = master.tk if name: self._name = name else: self._name = 'PY_VAR' + repr(_varnum) _varnum += 1 if value is not None: self.set(value) elif not self._tk.call("info", "exists", self._name): self.set(self._default) def __del__(self): """Unset the variable in Tcl.""" self._tk.globalunsetvar(self._name) def __str__(self): """Return the name of the variable in Tcl.""" return self._name def set(self, value): """Set the variable to VALUE.""" return self._tk.globalsetvar(self._name, value) def get(self): """Return value of variable.""" return self._tk.globalgetvar(self._name) def trace_variable(self, mode, callback): """Define a trace callback for the variable. MODE is one of "r", "w", "u" for read, write, undefine. CALLBACK must be a function which is called when the variable is read, written or undefined. Return the name of the callback. """ cbname = self._master._register(callback) self._tk.call("trace", "variable", self._name, mode, cbname) return cbname trace = trace_variable def trace_vdelete(self, mode, cbname): """Delete the trace callback for a variable. MODE is one of "r", "w", "u" for read, write, undefine. CBNAME is the name of the callback returned from trace_variable or trace. """ self._tk.call("trace", "vdelete", self._name, mode, cbname) self._master.deletecommand(cbname) def trace_vinfo(self): """Return all trace callback information.""" return map(self._tk.split, self._tk.splitlist( self._tk.call("trace", "vinfo", self._name))) def __eq__(self, other): """Comparison for equality (==). Note: if the Variable's master matters to behavior also compare self._master == other._master """ return self.__class__.__name__ == other.__class__.__name__ \ and self._name == other._name class StringVar(Variable): """Value holder for strings variables.""" _default = "" def __init__(self, master=None, value=None, name=None): """Construct a string variable. MASTER can be given as master widget. VALUE is an optional value (defaults to "") NAME is an optional Tcl name (defaults to PY_VARnum). If NAME matches an existing variable and VALUE is omitted then the existing value is retained. """ Variable.__init__(self, master, value, name) def get(self): """Return value of variable as string.""" value = self._tk.globalgetvar(self._name) if isinstance(value, basestring): return value return str(value) class IntVar(Variable): """Value holder for integer variables.""" _default = 0 def __init__(self, master=None, value=None, name=None): """Construct an integer variable. MASTER can be given as master widget. VALUE is an optional value (defaults to 0) NAME is an optional Tcl name (defaults to PY_VARnum). If NAME matches an existing variable and VALUE is omitted then the existing value is retained. """ Variable.__init__(self, master, value, name) def set(self, value): """Set the variable to value, converting booleans to integers.""" if isinstance(value, bool): value = int(value) return Variable.set(self, value) def get(self): """Return the value of the variable as an integer.""" return getint(self._tk.globalgetvar(self._name)) class DoubleVar(Variable): """Value holder for float variables.""" _default = 0.0 def __init__(self, master=None, value=None, name=None): """Construct a float variable. MASTER can be given as master widget. VALUE is an optional value (defaults to 0.0) NAME is an optional Tcl name (defaults to PY_VARnum). If NAME matches an existing variable and VALUE is omitted then the existing value is retained. """ Variable.__init__(self, master, value, name) def get(self): """Return the value of the variable as a float.""" return getdouble(self._tk.globalgetvar(self._name)) class BooleanVar(Variable): """Value holder for boolean variables.""" _default = False def __init__(self, master=None, value=None, name=None): """Construct a boolean variable. MASTER can be given as master widget. VALUE is an optional value (defaults to False) NAME is an optional Tcl name (defaults to PY_VARnum). If NAME matches an existing variable and VALUE is omitted then the existing value is retained. """ Variable.__init__(self, master, value, name) def get(self): """Return the value of the variable as a bool.""" return self._tk.getboolean(self._tk.globalgetvar(self._name)) def mainloop(n=0): """Run the main loop of Tcl.""" _default_root.tk.mainloop(n) getint = int getdouble = float def getboolean(s): """Convert true and false to integer values 1 and 0.""" return _default_root.tk.getboolean(s) # Methods defined on both toplevel and interior widgets class Misc: """Internal class. Base class which defines methods common for interior widgets.""" # XXX font command? _tclCommands = None def destroy(self): """Internal function. Delete all Tcl commands created for this widget in the Tcl interpreter.""" if self._tclCommands is not None: for name in self._tclCommands: #print '- Tkinter: deleted command', name self.tk.deletecommand(name) self._tclCommands = None def deletecommand(self, name): """Internal function. Delete the Tcl command provided in NAME.""" #print '- Tkinter: deleted command', name self.tk.deletecommand(name) try: self._tclCommands.remove(name) except ValueError: pass def tk_strictMotif(self, boolean=None): """Set Tcl internal variable, whether the look and feel should adhere to Motif. A parameter of 1 means adhere to Motif (e.g. no color change if mouse passes over slider). Returns the set value.""" return self.tk.getboolean(self.tk.call( 'set', 'tk_strictMotif', boolean)) def tk_bisque(self): """Change the color scheme to light brown as used in Tk 3.6 and before.""" self.tk.call('tk_bisque') def tk_setPalette(self, *args, **kw): """Set a new color scheme for all widget elements. A single color as argument will cause that all colors of Tk widget elements are derived from this. Alternatively several keyword parameters and its associated colors can be given. The following keywords are valid: activeBackground, foreground, selectColor, activeForeground, highlightBackground, selectBackground, background, highlightColor, selectForeground, disabledForeground, insertBackground, troughColor.""" self.tk.call(('tk_setPalette',) + _flatten(args) + _flatten(kw.items())) def tk_menuBar(self, *args): """Do not use. Needed in Tk 3.6 and earlier.""" pass # obsolete since Tk 4.0 def wait_variable(self, name='PY_VAR'): """Wait until the variable is modified. A parameter of type IntVar, StringVar, DoubleVar or BooleanVar must be given.""" self.tk.call('tkwait', 'variable', name) waitvar = wait_variable # XXX b/w compat def wait_window(self, window=None): """Wait until a WIDGET is destroyed. If no parameter is given self is used.""" if window is None: window = self self.tk.call('tkwait', 'window', window._w) def wait_visibility(self, window=None): """Wait until the visibility of a WIDGET changes (e.g. it appears). If no parameter is given self is used.""" if window is None: window = self self.tk.call('tkwait', 'visibility', window._w) def setvar(self, name='PY_VAR', value='1'): """Set Tcl variable NAME to VALUE.""" self.tk.setvar(name, value) def getvar(self, name='PY_VAR'): """Return value of Tcl variable NAME.""" return self.tk.getvar(name) getint = int getdouble = float def getboolean(self, s): """Return a boolean value for Tcl boolean values true and false given as parameter.""" return self.tk.getboolean(s) def focus_set(self): """Direct input focus to this widget. If the application currently does not have the focus this widget will get the focus if the application gets the focus through the window manager.""" self.tk.call('focus', self._w) focus = focus_set # XXX b/w compat? def focus_force(self): """Direct input focus to this widget even if the application does not have the focus. Use with caution!""" self.tk.call('focus', '-force', self._w) def focus_get(self): """Return the widget which has currently the focus in the application. Use focus_displayof to allow working with several displays. Return None if application does not have the focus.""" name = self.tk.call('focus') if name == 'none' or not name: return None return self._nametowidget(name) def focus_displayof(self): """Return the widget which has currently the focus on the display where this widget is located. Return None if the application does not have the focus.""" name = self.tk.call('focus', '-displayof', self._w) if name == 'none' or not name: return None return self._nametowidget(name) def focus_lastfor(self): """Return the widget which would have the focus if top level for this widget gets the focus from the window manager.""" name = self.tk.call('focus', '-lastfor', self._w) if name == 'none' or not name: return None return self._nametowidget(name) def tk_focusFollowsMouse(self): """The widget under mouse will get automatically focus. Can not be disabled easily.""" self.tk.call('tk_focusFollowsMouse') def tk_focusNext(self): """Return the next widget in the focus order which follows widget which has currently the focus. The focus order first goes to the next child, then to the children of the child recursively and then to the next sibling which is higher in the stacking order. A widget is omitted if it has the takefocus resource set to 0.""" name = self.tk.call('tk_focusNext', self._w) if not name: return None return self._nametowidget(name) def tk_focusPrev(self): """Return previous widget in the focus order. See tk_focusNext for details.""" name = self.tk.call('tk_focusPrev', self._w) if not name: return None return self._nametowidget(name) def after(self, ms, func=None, *args): """Call function once after given time. MS specifies the time in milliseconds. FUNC gives the function which shall be called. Additional parameters are given as parameters to the function call. Return identifier to cancel scheduling with after_cancel.""" if not func: # I'd rather use time.sleep(ms*0.001) self.tk.call('after', ms) else: def callit(): try: func(*args) finally: try: self.deletecommand(name) except TclError: pass name = self._register(callit) return self.tk.call('after', ms, name) def after_idle(self, func, *args): """Call FUNC once if the Tcl main loop has no event to process. Return an identifier to cancel the scheduling with after_cancel.""" return self.after('idle', func, *args) def after_cancel(self, id): """Cancel scheduling of function identified with ID. Identifier returned by after or after_idle must be given as first parameter.""" try: data = self.tk.call('after', 'info', id) # In Tk 8.3, splitlist returns: (script, type) # In Tk 8.4, splitlist may return (script, type) or (script,) script = self.tk.splitlist(data)[0] self.deletecommand(script) except TclError: pass self.tk.call('after', 'cancel', id) def bell(self, displayof=0): """Ring a display's bell.""" self.tk.call(('bell',) + self._displayof(displayof)) # Clipboard handling: def clipboard_get(self, **kw): """Retrieve data from the clipboard on window's display. The window keyword defaults to the root window of the Tkinter application. The type keyword specifies the form in which the data is to be returned and should be an atom name such as STRING or FILE_NAME. Type defaults to STRING, except on X11, where the default is to try UTF8_STRING and fall back to STRING. This command is equivalent to: selection_get(CLIPBOARD) """ if 'type' not in kw and self._windowingsystem == 'x11': try: kw['type'] = 'UTF8_STRING' return self.tk.call(('clipboard', 'get') + self._options(kw)) except TclError: del kw['type'] return self.tk.call(('clipboard', 'get') + self._options(kw)) def clipboard_clear(self, **kw): """Clear the data in the Tk clipboard. A widget specified for the optional displayof keyword argument specifies the target display.""" if 'displayof' not in kw: kw['displayof'] = self._w self.tk.call(('clipboard', 'clear') + self._options(kw)) def clipboard_append(self, string, **kw): """Append STRING to the Tk clipboard. A widget specified at the optional displayof keyword argument specifies the target display. The clipboard can be retrieved with selection_get.""" if 'displayof' not in kw: kw['displayof'] = self._w self.tk.call(('clipboard', 'append') + self._options(kw) + ('--', string)) # XXX grab current w/o window argument def grab_current(self): """Return widget which has currently the grab in this application or None.""" name = self.tk.call('grab', 'current', self._w) if not name: return None return self._nametowidget(name) def grab_release(self): """Release grab for this widget if currently set.""" self.tk.call('grab', 'release', self._w) def grab_set(self): """Set grab for this widget. A grab directs all events to this and descendant widgets in the application.""" self.tk.call('grab', 'set', self._w) def grab_set_global(self): """Set global grab for this widget. A global grab directs all events to this and descendant widgets on the display. Use with caution - other applications do not get events anymore.""" self.tk.call('grab', 'set', '-global', self._w) def grab_status(self): """Return None, "local" or "global" if this widget has no, a local or a global grab.""" status = self.tk.call('grab', 'status', self._w) if status == 'none': status = None return status def option_add(self, pattern, value, priority = None): """Set a VALUE (second parameter) for an option PATTERN (first parameter). An optional third parameter gives the numeric priority (defaults to 80).""" self.tk.call('option', 'add', pattern, value, priority) def option_clear(self): """Clear the option database. It will be reloaded if option_add is called.""" self.tk.call('option', 'clear') def option_get(self, name, className): """Return the value for an option NAME for this widget with CLASSNAME. Values with higher priority override lower values.""" return self.tk.call('option', 'get', self._w, name, className) def option_readfile(self, fileName, priority = None): """Read file FILENAME into the option database. An optional second parameter gives the numeric priority.""" self.tk.call('option', 'readfile', fileName, priority) def selection_clear(self, **kw): """Clear the current X selection.""" if 'displayof' not in kw: kw['displayof'] = self._w self.tk.call(('selection', 'clear') + self._options(kw)) def selection_get(self, **kw): """Return the contents of the current X selection. A keyword parameter selection specifies the name of the selection and defaults to PRIMARY. A keyword parameter displayof specifies a widget on the display to use. A keyword parameter type specifies the form of data to be fetched, defaulting to STRING except on X11, where UTF8_STRING is tried before STRING.""" if 'displayof' not in kw: kw['displayof'] = self._w if 'type' not in kw and self._windowingsystem == 'x11': try: kw['type'] = 'UTF8_STRING' return self.tk.call(('selection', 'get') + self._options(kw)) except TclError: del kw['type'] return self.tk.call(('selection', 'get') + self._options(kw)) def selection_handle(self, command, **kw): """Specify a function COMMAND to call if the X selection owned by this widget is queried by another application. This function must return the contents of the selection. The function will be called with the arguments OFFSET and LENGTH which allows the chunking of very long selections. The following keyword parameters can be provided: selection - name of the selection (default PRIMARY), type - type of the selection (e.g. STRING, FILE_NAME).""" name = self._register(command) self.tk.call(('selection', 'handle') + self._options(kw) + (self._w, name)) def selection_own(self, **kw): """Become owner of X selection. A keyword parameter selection specifies the name of the selection (default PRIMARY).""" self.tk.call(('selection', 'own') + self._options(kw) + (self._w,)) def selection_own_get(self, **kw): """Return owner of X selection. The following keyword parameter can be provided: selection - name of the selection (default PRIMARY), type - type of the selection (e.g. STRING, FILE_NAME).""" if 'displayof' not in kw: kw['displayof'] = self._w name = self.tk.call(('selection', 'own') + self._options(kw)) if not name: return None return self._nametowidget(name) def send(self, interp, cmd, *args): """Send Tcl command CMD to different interpreter INTERP to be executed.""" return self.tk.call(('send', interp, cmd) + args) def lower(self, belowThis=None): """Lower this widget in the stacking order.""" self.tk.call('lower', self._w, belowThis) def tkraise(self, aboveThis=None): """Raise this widget in the stacking order.""" self.tk.call('raise', self._w, aboveThis) lift = tkraise def colormodel(self, value=None): """Useless. Not implemented in Tk.""" return self.tk.call('tk', 'colormodel', self._w, value) def winfo_atom(self, name, displayof=0): """Return integer which represents atom NAME.""" args = ('winfo', 'atom') + self._displayof(displayof) + (name,) return getint(self.tk.call(args)) def winfo_atomname(self, id, displayof=0): """Return name of atom with identifier ID.""" args = ('winfo', 'atomname') \ + self._displayof(displayof) + (id,) return self.tk.call(args) def winfo_cells(self): """Return number of cells in the colormap for this widget.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'cells', self._w)) def winfo_children(self): """Return a list of all widgets which are children of this widget.""" result = [] for child in self.tk.splitlist( self.tk.call('winfo', 'children', self._w)): try: # Tcl sometimes returns extra windows, e.g. for # menus; those need to be skipped result.append(self._nametowidget(child)) except KeyError: pass return result def winfo_class(self): """Return window class name of this widget.""" return self.tk.call('winfo', 'class', self._w) def winfo_colormapfull(self): """Return true if at the last color request the colormap was full.""" return self.tk.getboolean( self.tk.call('winfo', 'colormapfull', self._w)) def winfo_containing(self, rootX, rootY, displayof=0): """Return the widget which is at the root coordinates ROOTX, ROOTY.""" args = ('winfo', 'containing') \ + self._displayof(displayof) + (rootX, rootY) name = self.tk.call(args) if not name: return None return self._nametowidget(name) def winfo_depth(self): """Return the number of bits per pixel.""" return getint(self.tk.call('winfo', 'depth', self._w)) def winfo_exists(self): """Return true if this widget exists.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'exists', self._w)) def winfo_fpixels(self, number): """Return the number of pixels for the given distance NUMBER (e.g. "3c") as float.""" return getdouble(self.tk.call( 'winfo', 'fpixels', self._w, number)) def winfo_geometry(self): """Return geometry string for this widget in the form "widthxheight+X+Y".""" return self.tk.call('winfo', 'geometry', self._w) def winfo_height(self): """Return height of this widget.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'height', self._w)) def winfo_id(self): """Return identifier ID for this widget.""" return self.tk.getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'id', self._w)) def winfo_interps(self, displayof=0): """Return the name of all Tcl interpreters for this display.""" args = ('winfo', 'interps') + self._displayof(displayof) return self.tk.splitlist(self.tk.call(args)) def winfo_ismapped(self): """Return true if this widget is mapped.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'ismapped', self._w)) def winfo_manager(self): """Return the window mananger name for this widget.""" return self.tk.call('winfo', 'manager', self._w) def winfo_name(self): """Return the name of this widget.""" return self.tk.call('winfo', 'name', self._w) def winfo_parent(self): """Return the name of the parent of this widget.""" return self.tk.call('winfo', 'parent', self._w) def winfo_pathname(self, id, displayof=0): """Return the pathname of the widget given by ID.""" args = ('winfo', 'pathname') \ + self._displayof(displayof) + (id,) return self.tk.call(args) def winfo_pixels(self, number): """Rounded integer value of winfo_fpixels.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'pixels', self._w, number)) def winfo_pointerx(self): """Return the x coordinate of the pointer on the root window.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'pointerx', self._w)) def winfo_pointerxy(self): """Return a tuple of x and y coordinates of the pointer on the root window.""" return self._getints( self.tk.call('winfo', 'pointerxy', self._w)) def winfo_pointery(self): """Return the y coordinate of the pointer on the root window.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'pointery', self._w)) def winfo_reqheight(self): """Return requested height of this widget.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'reqheight', self._w)) def winfo_reqwidth(self): """Return requested width of this widget.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'reqwidth', self._w)) def winfo_rgb(self, color): """Return tuple of decimal values for red, green, blue for COLOR in this widget.""" return self._getints( self.tk.call('winfo', 'rgb', self._w, color)) def winfo_rootx(self): """Return x coordinate of upper left corner of this widget on the root window.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'rootx', self._w)) def winfo_rooty(self): """Return y coordinate of upper left corner of this widget on the root window.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'rooty', self._w)) def winfo_screen(self): """Return the screen name of this widget.""" return self.tk.call('winfo', 'screen', self._w) def winfo_screencells(self): """Return the number of the cells in the colormap of the screen of this widget.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'screencells', self._w)) def winfo_screendepth(self): """Return the number of bits per pixel of the root window of the screen of this widget.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'screendepth', self._w)) def winfo_screenheight(self): """Return the number of pixels of the height of the screen of this widget in pixel.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'screenheight', self._w)) def winfo_screenmmheight(self): """Return the number of pixels of the height of the screen of this widget in mm.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'screenmmheight', self._w)) def winfo_screenmmwidth(self): """Return the number of pixels of the width of the screen of this widget in mm.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'screenmmwidth', self._w)) def winfo_screenvisual(self): """Return one of the strings directcolor, grayscale, pseudocolor, staticcolor, staticgray, or truecolor for the default colormodel of this screen.""" return self.tk.call('winfo', 'screenvisual', self._w) def winfo_screenwidth(self): """Return the number of pixels of the width of the screen of this widget in pixel.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'screenwidth', self._w)) def winfo_server(self): """Return information of the X-Server of the screen of this widget in the form "XmajorRminor vendor vendorVersion".""" return self.tk.call('winfo', 'server', self._w) def winfo_toplevel(self): """Return the toplevel widget of this widget.""" return self._nametowidget(self.tk.call( 'winfo', 'toplevel', self._w)) def winfo_viewable(self): """Return true if the widget and all its higher ancestors are mapped.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'viewable', self._w)) def winfo_visual(self): """Return one of the strings directcolor, grayscale, pseudocolor, staticcolor, staticgray, or truecolor for the colormodel of this widget.""" return self.tk.call('winfo', 'visual', self._w) def winfo_visualid(self): """Return the X identifier for the visual for this widget.""" return self.tk.call('winfo', 'visualid', self._w) def winfo_visualsavailable(self, includeids=0): """Return a list of all visuals available for the screen of this widget. Each item in the list consists of a visual name (see winfo_visual), a depth and if INCLUDEIDS=1 is given also the X identifier.""" data = self.tk.split( self.tk.call('winfo', 'visualsavailable', self._w, includeids and 'includeids' or None)) if type(data) is StringType: data = [self.tk.split(data)] return map(self.__winfo_parseitem, data) def __winfo_parseitem(self, t): """Internal function.""" return t[:1] + tuple(map(self.__winfo_getint, t[1:])) def __winfo_getint(self, x): """Internal function.""" return int(x, 0) def winfo_vrootheight(self): """Return the height of the virtual root window associated with this widget in pixels. If there is no virtual root window return the height of the screen.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'vrootheight', self._w)) def winfo_vrootwidth(self): """Return the width of the virtual root window associated with this widget in pixel. If there is no virtual root window return the width of the screen.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'vrootwidth', self._w)) def winfo_vrootx(self): """Return the x offset of the virtual root relative to the root window of the screen of this widget.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'vrootx', self._w)) def winfo_vrooty(self): """Return the y offset of the virtual root relative to the root window of the screen of this widget.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'vrooty', self._w)) def winfo_width(self): """Return the width of this widget.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'width', self._w)) def winfo_x(self): """Return the x coordinate of the upper left corner of this widget in the parent.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'x', self._w)) def winfo_y(self): """Return the y coordinate of the upper left corner of this widget in the parent.""" return getint( self.tk.call('winfo', 'y', self._w)) def update(self): """Enter event loop until all pending events have been processed by Tcl.""" self.tk.call('update') def update_idletasks(self): """Enter event loop until all idle callbacks have been called. This will update the display of windows but not process events caused by the user.""" self.tk.call('update', 'idletasks') def bindtags(self, tagList=None): """Set or get the list of bindtags for this widget. With no argument return the list of all bindtags associated with this widget. With a list of strings as argument the bindtags are set to this list. The bindtags determine in which order events are processed (see bind).""" if tagList is None: return self.tk.splitlist( self.tk.call('bindtags', self._w)) else: self.tk.call('bindtags', self._w, tagList) def _bind(self, what, sequence, func, add, needcleanup=1): """Internal function.""" if type(func) is StringType: self.tk.call(what + (sequence, func)) elif func: funcid = self._register(func, self._substitute, needcleanup) cmd = ('%sif {"[%s %s]" == "break"} break\n' % (add and '+' or '', funcid, self._subst_format_str)) self.tk.call(what + (sequence, cmd)) return funcid elif sequence: return self.tk.call(what + (sequence,)) else: return self.tk.splitlist(self.tk.call(what)) def bind(self, sequence=None, func=None, add=None): """Bind to this widget at event SEQUENCE a call to function FUNC. SEQUENCE is a string of concatenated event patterns. An event pattern is of the form <MODIFIER-MODIFIER-TYPE-DETAIL> where MODIFIER is one of Control, Mod2, M2, Shift, Mod3, M3, Lock, Mod4, M4, Button1, B1, Mod5, M5 Button2, B2, Meta, M, Button3, B3, Alt, Button4, B4, Double, Button5, B5 Triple, Mod1, M1. TYPE is one of Activate, Enter, Map, ButtonPress, Button, Expose, Motion, ButtonRelease FocusIn, MouseWheel, Circulate, FocusOut, Property, Colormap, Gravity Reparent, Configure, KeyPress, Key, Unmap, Deactivate, KeyRelease Visibility, Destroy, Leave and DETAIL is the button number for ButtonPress, ButtonRelease and DETAIL is the Keysym for KeyPress and KeyRelease. Examples are <Control-Button-1> for pressing Control and mouse button 1 or <Alt-A> for pressing A and the Alt key (KeyPress can be omitted). An event pattern can also be a virtual event of the form <<AString>> where AString can be arbitrary. This event can be generated by event_generate. If events are concatenated they must appear shortly after each other. FUNC will be called if the event sequence occurs with an instance of Event as argument. If the return value of FUNC is "break" no further bound function is invoked. An additional boolean parameter ADD specifies whether FUNC will be called additionally to the other bound function or whether it will replace the previous function. Bind will return an identifier to allow deletion of the bound function with unbind without memory leak. If FUNC or SEQUENCE is omitted the bound function or list of bound events are returned.""" return self._bind(('bind', self._w), sequence, func, add) def unbind(self, sequence, funcid=None): """Unbind for this widget for event SEQUENCE the function identified with FUNCID.""" self.tk.call('bind', self._w, sequence, '') if funcid: self.deletecommand(funcid) def bind_all(self, sequence=None, func=None, add=None): """Bind to all widgets at an event SEQUENCE a call to function FUNC. An additional boolean parameter ADD specifies whether FUNC will be called additionally to the other bound function or whether it will replace the previous function. See bind for the return value.""" return self._bind(('bind', 'all'), sequence, func, add, 0) def unbind_all(self, sequence): """Unbind for all widgets for event SEQUENCE all functions.""" self.tk.call('bind', 'all' , sequence, '') def bind_class(self, className, sequence=None, func=None, add=None): """Bind to widgets with bindtag CLASSNAME at event SEQUENCE a call of function FUNC. An additional boolean parameter ADD specifies whether FUNC will be called additionally to the other bound function or whether it will replace the previous function. See bind for the return value.""" return self._bind(('bind', className), sequence, func, add, 0) def unbind_class(self, className, sequence): """Unbind for a all widgets with bindtag CLASSNAME for event SEQUENCE all functions.""" self.tk.call('bind', className , sequence, '') def mainloop(self, n=0): """Call the mainloop of Tk.""" self.tk.mainloop(n) def quit(self): """Quit the Tcl interpreter. All widgets will be destroyed.""" self.tk.quit() def _getints(self, string): """Internal function.""" if string: return tuple(map(getint, self.tk.splitlist(string))) def _getdoubles(self, string): """Internal function.""" if string: return tuple(map(getdouble, self.tk.splitlist(string))) def _getboolean(self, string): """Internal function.""" if string: return self.tk.getboolean(string) def _displayof(self, displayof): """Internal function.""" if displayof: return ('-displayof', displayof) if displayof is None: return ('-displayof', self._w) return () @property def _windowingsystem(self): """Internal function.""" try: return self._root()._windowingsystem_cached except AttributeError: ws = self._root()._windowingsystem_cached = \ self.tk.call('tk', 'windowingsystem') return ws def _options(self, cnf, kw = None): """Internal function.""" if kw: cnf = _cnfmerge((cnf, kw)) else: cnf = _cnfmerge(cnf) res = () for k, v in cnf.items(): if v is not None: if k[-1] == '_': k = k[:-1] if hasattr(v, '__call__'): v = self._register(v) elif isinstance(v, (tuple, list)): nv = [] for item in v: if not isinstance(item, (basestring, int)): break elif isinstance(item, int): nv.append('%d' % item) else: # format it to proper Tcl code if it contains space nv.append(_stringify(item)) else: v = ' '.join(nv) res = res + ('-'+k, v) return res def nametowidget(self, name): """Return the Tkinter instance of a widget identified by its Tcl name NAME.""" name = str(name).split('.') w = self if not name[0]: w = w._root() name = name[1:] for n in name: if not n: break w = w.children[n] return w _nametowidget = nametowidget def _register(self, func, subst=None, needcleanup=1): """Return a newly created Tcl function. If this function is called, the Python function FUNC will be executed. An optional function SUBST can be given which will be executed before FUNC.""" f = CallWrapper(func, subst, self).__call__ name = repr(id(f)) try: func = func.im_func except AttributeError: pass try: name = name + func.__name__ except AttributeError: pass self.tk.createcommand(name, f) if needcleanup: if self._tclCommands is None: self._tclCommands = [] self._tclCommands.append(name) return name register = _register def _root(self): """Internal function.""" w = self while w.master: w = w.master return w _subst_format = ('%#', '%b', '%f', '%h', '%k', '%s', '%t', '%w', '%x', '%y', '%A', '%E', '%K', '%N', '%W', '%T', '%X', '%Y', '%D') _subst_format_str = " ".join(_subst_format) def _substitute(self, *args): """Internal function.""" if len(args) != len(self._subst_format): return args getboolean = self.tk.getboolean getint = int def getint_event(s): """Tk changed behavior in 8.4.2, returning "??" rather more often.""" try: return int(s) except ValueError: return s nsign, b, f, h, k, s, t, w, x, y, A, E, K, N, W, T, X, Y, D = args # Missing: (a, c, d, m, o, v, B, R) e = Event() # serial field: valid vor all events # number of button: ButtonPress and ButtonRelease events only # height field: Configure, ConfigureRequest, Create, # ResizeRequest, and Expose events only # keycode field: KeyPress and KeyRelease events only # time field: "valid for events that contain a time field" # width field: Configure, ConfigureRequest, Create, ResizeRequest, # and Expose events only # x field: "valid for events that contain a x field" # y field: "valid for events that contain a y field" # keysym as decimal: KeyPress and KeyRelease events only # x_root, y_root fields: ButtonPress, ButtonRelease, KeyPress, # KeyRelease,and Motion events e.serial = getint(nsign) e.num = getint_event(b) try: e.focus = getboolean(f) except TclError: pass e.height = getint_event(h) e.keycode = getint_event(k) e.state = getint_event(s) e.time = getint_event(t) e.width = getint_event(w) e.x = getint_event(x) e.y = getint_event(y) e.char = A try: e.send_event = getboolean(E) except TclError: pass e.keysym = K e.keysym_num = getint_event(N) e.type = T try: e.widget = self._nametowidget(W) except KeyError: e.widget = W e.x_root = getint_event(X) e.y_root = getint_event(Y) try: e.delta = getint(D) except ValueError: e.delta = 0 return (e,) def _report_exception(self): """Internal function.""" import sys exc, val, tb = sys.exc_type, sys.exc_value, sys.exc_traceback root = self._root() root.report_callback_exception(exc, val, tb) def _configure(self, cmd, cnf, kw): """Internal function.""" if kw: cnf = _cnfmerge((cnf, kw)) elif cnf: cnf = _cnfmerge(cnf) if cnf is None: cnf = {} for x in self.tk.split( self.tk.call(_flatten((self._w, cmd)))): cnf[x[0][1:]] = (x[0][1:],) + x[1:] return cnf if type(cnf) is StringType: x = self.tk.split( self.tk.call(_flatten((self._w, cmd, '-'+cnf)))) return (x[0][1:],) + x[1:] self.tk.call(_flatten((self._w, cmd)) + self._options(cnf)) # These used to be defined in Widget: def configure(self, cnf=None, **kw): """Configure resources of a widget. The values for resources are specified as keyword arguments. To get an overview about the allowed keyword arguments call the method keys. """ return self._configure('configure', cnf, kw) config = configure def cget(self, key): """Return the resource value for a KEY given as string.""" return self.tk.call(self._w, 'cget', '-' + key) __getitem__ = cget def __setitem__(self, key, value): self.configure({key: value}) def __contains__(self, key): raise TypeError("Tkinter objects don't support 'in' tests.") def keys(self): """Return a list of all resource names of this widget.""" return map(lambda x: x[0][1:], self.tk.split(self.tk.call(self._w, 'configure'))) def __str__(self): """Return the window path name of this widget.""" return self._w # Pack methods that apply to the master _noarg_ = ['_noarg_'] def pack_propagate(self, flag=_noarg_): """Set or get the status for propagation of geometry information. A boolean argument specifies whether the geometry information of the slaves will determine the size of this widget. If no argument is given the current setting will be returned. """ if flag is Misc._noarg_: return self._getboolean(self.tk.call( 'pack', 'propagate', self._w)) else: self.tk.call('pack', 'propagate', self._w, flag) propagate = pack_propagate def pack_slaves(self): """Return a list of all slaves of this widget in its packing order.""" return map(self._nametowidget, self.tk.splitlist( self.tk.call('pack', 'slaves', self._w))) slaves = pack_slaves # Place method that applies to the master def place_slaves(self): """Return a list of all slaves of this widget in its packing order.""" return map(self._nametowidget, self.tk.splitlist( self.tk.call( 'place', 'slaves', self._w))) # Grid methods that apply to the master def grid_bbox(self, column=None, row=None, col2=None, row2=None): """Return a tuple of integer coordinates for the bounding box of this widget controlled by the geometry manager grid. If COLUMN, ROW is given the bounding box applies from the cell with row and column 0 to the specified cell. If COL2 and ROW2 are given the bounding box starts at that cell. The returned integers specify the offset of the upper left corner in the master widget and the width and height. """ args = ('grid', 'bbox', self._w) if column is not None and row is not None: args = args + (column, row) if col2 is not None and row2 is not None: args = args + (col2, row2) return self._getints(self.tk.call(*args)) or None bbox = grid_bbox def _grid_configure(self, command, index, cnf, kw): """Internal function.""" if type(cnf) is StringType and not kw: if cnf[-1:] == '_': cnf = cnf[:-1] if cnf[:1] != '-': cnf = '-'+cnf options = (cnf,) else: options = self._options(cnf, kw) if not options: res = self.tk.call('grid', command, self._w, index) words = self.tk.splitlist(res) dict = {} for i in range(0, len(words), 2): key = words[i][1:] value = words[i+1] if not value: value = None elif '.' in value: value = getdouble(value) else: value = getint(value) dict[key] = value return dict res = self.tk.call( ('grid', command, self._w, index) + options) if len(options) == 1: if not res: return None # In Tk 7.5, -width can be a float if '.' in res: return getdouble(res) return getint(res) def grid_columnconfigure(self, index, cnf={}, **kw): """Configure column INDEX of a grid. Valid resources are minsize (minimum size of the column), weight (how much does additional space propagate to this column) and pad (how much space to let additionally).""" return self._grid_configure('columnconfigure', index, cnf, kw) columnconfigure = grid_columnconfigure def grid_location(self, x, y): """Return a tuple of column and row which identify the cell at which the pixel at position X and Y inside the master widget is located.""" return self._getints( self.tk.call( 'grid', 'location', self._w, x, y)) or None def grid_propagate(self, flag=_noarg_): """Set or get the status for propagation of geometry information. A boolean argument specifies whether the geometry information of the slaves will determine the size of this widget. If no argument is given, the current setting will be returned. """ if flag is Misc._noarg_: return self._getboolean(self.tk.call( 'grid', 'propagate', self._w)) else: self.tk.call('grid', 'propagate', self._w, flag) def grid_rowconfigure(self, index, cnf={}, **kw): """Configure row INDEX of a grid. Valid resources are minsize (minimum size of the row), weight (how much does additional space propagate to this row) and pad (how much space to let additionally).""" return self._grid_configure('rowconfigure', index, cnf, kw) rowconfigure = grid_rowconfigure def grid_size(self): """Return a tuple of the number of column and rows in the grid.""" return self._getints( self.tk.call('grid', 'size', self._w)) or None size = grid_size def grid_slaves(self, row=None, column=None): """Return a list of all slaves of this widget in its packing order.""" args = () if row is not None: args = args + ('-row', row) if column is not None: args = args + ('-column', column) return map(self._nametowidget, self.tk.splitlist(self.tk.call( ('grid', 'slaves', self._w) + args))) # Support for the "event" command, new in Tk 4.2. # By Case Roole. def event_add(self, virtual, *sequences): """Bind a virtual event VIRTUAL (of the form <<Name>>) to an event SEQUENCE such that the virtual event is triggered whenever SEQUENCE occurs.""" args = ('event', 'add', virtual) + sequences self.tk.call(args) def event_delete(self, virtual, *sequences): """Unbind a virtual event VIRTUAL from SEQUENCE.""" args = ('event', 'delete', virtual) + sequences self.tk.call(args) def event_generate(self, sequence, **kw): """Generate an event SEQUENCE. Additional keyword arguments specify parameter of the event (e.g. x, y, rootx, rooty).""" args = ('event', 'generate', self._w, sequence) for k, v in kw.items(): args = args + ('-%s' % k, str(v)) self.tk.call(args) def event_info(self, virtual=None): """Return a list of all virtual events or the information about the SEQUENCE bound to the virtual event VIRTUAL.""" return self.tk.splitlist( self.tk.call('event', 'info', virtual)) # Image related commands def image_names(self): """Return a list of all existing image names.""" return self.tk.call('image', 'names') def image_types(self): """Return a list of all available image types (e.g. phote bitmap).""" return self.tk.call('image', 'types') class CallWrapper: """Internal class. Stores function to call when some user defined Tcl function is called e.g. after an event occurred.""" def __init__(self, func, subst, widget): """Store FUNC, SUBST and WIDGET as members.""" self.func = func self.subst = subst self.widget = widget def __call__(self, *args): """Apply first function SUBST to arguments, than FUNC.""" try: if self.subst: args = self.subst(*args) return self.func(*args) except SystemExit, msg: raise SystemExit, msg except: self.widget._report_exception() class XView: """Mix-in class for querying and changing the horizontal position of a widget's window.""" def xview(self, *args): """Query and change the horizontal position of the view.""" res = self.tk.call(self._w, 'xview', *args) if not args: return self._getdoubles(res) def xview_moveto(self, fraction): """Adjusts the view in the window so that FRACTION of the total width of the canvas is off-screen to the left.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'xview', 'moveto', fraction) def xview_scroll(self, number, what): """Shift the x-view according to NUMBER which is measured in "units" or "pages" (WHAT).""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'xview', 'scroll', number, what) class YView: """Mix-in class for querying and changing the vertical position of a widget's window.""" def yview(self, *args): """Query and change the vertical position of the view.""" res = self.tk.call(self._w, 'yview', *args) if not args: return self._getdoubles(res) def yview_moveto(self, fraction): """Adjusts the view in the window so that FRACTION of the total height of the canvas is off-screen to the top.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'yview', 'moveto', fraction) def yview_scroll(self, number, what): """Shift the y-view according to NUMBER which is measured in "units" or "pages" (WHAT).""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'yview', 'scroll', number, what) class Wm: """Provides functions for the communication with the window manager.""" def wm_aspect(self, minNumer=None, minDenom=None, maxNumer=None, maxDenom=None): """Instruct the window manager to set the aspect ratio (width/height) of this widget to be between MINNUMER/MINDENOM and MAXNUMER/MAXDENOM. Return a tuple of the actual values if no argument is given.""" return self._getints( self.tk.call('wm', 'aspect', self._w, minNumer, minDenom, maxNumer, maxDenom)) aspect = wm_aspect def wm_attributes(self, *args): """This subcommand returns or sets platform specific attributes The first form returns a list of the platform specific flags and their values. The second form returns the value for the specific option. The third form sets one or more of the values. The values are as follows: On Windows, -disabled gets or sets whether the window is in a disabled state. -toolwindow gets or sets the style of the window to toolwindow (as defined in the MSDN). -topmost gets or sets whether this is a topmost window (displays above all other windows). On Macintosh, XXXXX On Unix, there are currently no special attribute values. """ args = ('wm', 'attributes', self._w) + args return self.tk.call(args) attributes=wm_attributes def wm_client(self, name=None): """Store NAME in WM_CLIENT_MACHINE property of this widget. Return current value.""" return self.tk.call('wm', 'client', self._w, name) client = wm_client def wm_colormapwindows(self, *wlist): """Store list of window names (WLIST) into WM_COLORMAPWINDOWS property of this widget. This list contains windows whose colormaps differ from their parents. Return current list of widgets if WLIST is empty.""" if len(wlist) > 1: wlist = (wlist,) # Tk needs a list of windows here args = ('wm', 'colormapwindows', self._w) + wlist return map(self._nametowidget, self.tk.call(args)) colormapwindows = wm_colormapwindows def wm_command(self, value=None): """Store VALUE in WM_COMMAND property. It is the command which shall be used to invoke the application. Return current command if VALUE is None.""" return self.tk.call('wm', 'command', self._w, value) command = wm_command def wm_deiconify(self): """Deiconify this widget. If it was never mapped it will not be mapped. On Windows it will raise this widget and give it the focus.""" return self.tk.call('wm', 'deiconify', self._w) deiconify = wm_deiconify def wm_focusmodel(self, model=None): """Set focus model to MODEL. "active" means that this widget will claim the focus itself, "passive" means that the window manager shall give the focus. Return current focus model if MODEL is None.""" return self.tk.call('wm', 'focusmodel', self._w, model) focusmodel = wm_focusmodel def wm_frame(self): """Return identifier for decorative frame of this widget if present.""" return self.tk.call('wm', 'frame', self._w) frame = wm_frame def wm_geometry(self, newGeometry=None): """Set geometry to NEWGEOMETRY of the form =widthxheight+x+y. Return current value if None is given.""" return self.tk.call('wm', 'geometry', self._w, newGeometry) geometry = wm_geometry def wm_grid(self, baseWidth=None, baseHeight=None, widthInc=None, heightInc=None): """Instruct the window manager that this widget shall only be resized on grid boundaries. WIDTHINC and HEIGHTINC are the width and height of a grid unit in pixels. BASEWIDTH and BASEHEIGHT are the number of grid units requested in Tk_GeometryRequest.""" return self._getints(self.tk.call( 'wm', 'grid', self._w, baseWidth, baseHeight, widthInc, heightInc)) grid = wm_grid def wm_group(self, pathName=None): """Set the group leader widgets for related widgets to PATHNAME. Return the group leader of this widget if None is given.""" return self.tk.call('wm', 'group', self._w, pathName) group = wm_group def wm_iconbitmap(self, bitmap=None, default=None): """Set bitmap for the iconified widget to BITMAP. Return the bitmap if None is given. Under Windows, the DEFAULT parameter can be used to set the icon for the widget and any descendents that don't have an icon set explicitly. DEFAULT can be the relative path to a .ico file (example: root.iconbitmap(default='myicon.ico') ). See Tk documentation for more information.""" if default: return self.tk.call('wm', 'iconbitmap', self._w, '-default', default) else: return self.tk.call('wm', 'iconbitmap', self._w, bitmap) iconbitmap = wm_iconbitmap def wm_iconify(self): """Display widget as icon.""" return self.tk.call('wm', 'iconify', self._w) iconify = wm_iconify def wm_iconmask(self, bitmap=None): """Set mask for the icon bitmap of this widget. Return the mask if None is given.""" return self.tk.call('wm', 'iconmask', self._w, bitmap) iconmask = wm_iconmask def wm_iconname(self, newName=None): """Set the name of the icon for this widget. Return the name if None is given.""" return self.tk.call('wm', 'iconname', self._w, newName) iconname = wm_iconname def wm_iconposition(self, x=None, y=None): """Set the position of the icon of this widget to X and Y. Return a tuple of the current values of X and X if None is given.""" return self._getints(self.tk.call( 'wm', 'iconposition', self._w, x, y)) iconposition = wm_iconposition def wm_iconwindow(self, pathName=None): """Set widget PATHNAME to be displayed instead of icon. Return the current value if None is given.""" return self.tk.call('wm', 'iconwindow', self._w, pathName) iconwindow = wm_iconwindow def wm_maxsize(self, width=None, height=None): """Set max WIDTH and HEIGHT for this widget. If the window is gridded the values are given in grid units. Return the current values if None is given.""" return self._getints(self.tk.call( 'wm', 'maxsize', self._w, width, height)) maxsize = wm_maxsize def wm_minsize(self, width=None, height=None): """Set min WIDTH and HEIGHT for this widget. If the window is gridded the values are given in grid units. Return the current values if None is given.""" return self._getints(self.tk.call( 'wm', 'minsize', self._w, width, height)) minsize = wm_minsize def wm_overrideredirect(self, boolean=None): """Instruct the window manager to ignore this widget if BOOLEAN is given with 1. Return the current value if None is given.""" return self._getboolean(self.tk.call( 'wm', 'overrideredirect', self._w, boolean)) overrideredirect = wm_overrideredirect def wm_positionfrom(self, who=None): """Instruct the window manager that the position of this widget shall be defined by the user if WHO is "user", and by its own policy if WHO is "program".""" return self.tk.call('wm', 'positionfrom', self._w, who) positionfrom = wm_positionfrom def wm_protocol(self, name=None, func=None): """Bind function FUNC to command NAME for this widget. Return the function bound to NAME if None is given. NAME could be e.g. "WM_SAVE_YOURSELF" or "WM_DELETE_WINDOW".""" if hasattr(func, '__call__'): command = self._register(func) else: command = func return self.tk.call( 'wm', 'protocol', self._w, name, command) protocol = wm_protocol def wm_resizable(self, width=None, height=None): """Instruct the window manager whether this width can be resized in WIDTH or HEIGHT. Both values are boolean values.""" return self.tk.call('wm', 'resizable', self._w, width, height) resizable = wm_resizable def wm_sizefrom(self, who=None): """Instruct the window manager that the size of this widget shall be defined by the user if WHO is "user", and by its own policy if WHO is "program".""" return self.tk.call('wm', 'sizefrom', self._w, who) sizefrom = wm_sizefrom def wm_state(self, newstate=None): """Query or set the state of this widget as one of normal, icon, iconic (see wm_iconwindow), withdrawn, or zoomed (Windows only).""" return self.tk.call('wm', 'state', self._w, newstate) state = wm_state def wm_title(self, string=None): """Set the title of this widget.""" return self.tk.call('wm', 'title', self._w, string) title = wm_title def wm_transient(self, master=None): """Instruct the window manager that this widget is transient with regard to widget MASTER.""" return self.tk.call('wm', 'transient', self._w, master) transient = wm_transient def wm_withdraw(self): """Withdraw this widget from the screen such that it is unmapped and forgotten by the window manager. Re-draw it with wm_deiconify.""" return self.tk.call('wm', 'withdraw', self._w) withdraw = wm_withdraw class Tk(Misc, Wm): """Toplevel widget of Tk which represents mostly the main window of an application. It has an associated Tcl interpreter.""" _w = '.' def __init__(self, screenName=None, baseName=None, className='Tk', useTk=1, sync=0, use=None): """Return a new Toplevel widget on screen SCREENNAME. A new Tcl interpreter will be created. BASENAME will be used for the identification of the profile file (see readprofile). It is constructed from sys.argv[0] without extensions if None is given. CLASSNAME is the name of the widget class.""" self.master = None self.children = {} self._tkloaded = 0 # to avoid recursions in the getattr code in case of failure, we # ensure that self.tk is always _something_. self.tk = None if baseName is None: import sys, os baseName = os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]) baseName, ext = os.path.splitext(baseName) if ext not in ('.py', '.pyc', '.pyo'): baseName = baseName + ext interactive = 0 self.tk = _tkinter.create(screenName, baseName, className, interactive, wantobjects, useTk, sync, use) if useTk: self._loadtk() if not sys.flags.ignore_environment: # Issue #16248: Honor the -E flag to avoid code injection. self.readprofile(baseName, className) def loadtk(self): if not self._tkloaded: self.tk.loadtk() self._loadtk() def _loadtk(self): self._tkloaded = 1 global _default_root # Version sanity checks tk_version = self.tk.getvar('tk_version') if tk_version != _tkinter.TK_VERSION: raise RuntimeError, \ "tk.h version (%s) doesn't match libtk.a version (%s)" \ % (_tkinter.TK_VERSION, tk_version) # Under unknown circumstances, tcl_version gets coerced to float tcl_version = str(self.tk.getvar('tcl_version')) if tcl_version != _tkinter.TCL_VERSION: raise RuntimeError, \ "tcl.h version (%s) doesn't match libtcl.a version (%s)" \ % (_tkinter.TCL_VERSION, tcl_version) if TkVersion < 4.0: raise RuntimeError, \ "Tk 4.0 or higher is required; found Tk %s" \ % str(TkVersion) # Create and register the tkerror and exit commands # We need to inline parts of _register here, _ register # would register differently-named commands. if self._tclCommands is None: self._tclCommands = [] self.tk.createcommand('tkerror', _tkerror) self.tk.createcommand('exit', _exit) self._tclCommands.append('tkerror') self._tclCommands.append('exit') if _support_default_root and not _default_root: _default_root = self self.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.destroy) def destroy(self): """Destroy this and all descendants widgets. This will end the application of this Tcl interpreter.""" for c in self.children.values(): c.destroy() self.tk.call('destroy', self._w) Misc.destroy(self) global _default_root if _support_default_root and _default_root is self: _default_root = None def readprofile(self, baseName, className): """Internal function. It reads BASENAME.tcl and CLASSNAME.tcl into the Tcl Interpreter and calls execfile on BASENAME.py and CLASSNAME.py if such a file exists in the home directory.""" import os if 'HOME' in os.environ: home = os.environ['HOME'] else: home = os.curdir class_tcl = os.path.join(home, '.%s.tcl' % className) class_py = os.path.join(home, '.%s.py' % className) base_tcl = os.path.join(home, '.%s.tcl' % baseName) base_py = os.path.join(home, '.%s.py' % baseName) dir = {'self': self} exec 'from Tkinter import *' in dir if os.path.isfile(class_tcl): self.tk.call('source', class_tcl) if os.path.isfile(class_py): execfile(class_py, dir) if os.path.isfile(base_tcl): self.tk.call('source', base_tcl) if os.path.isfile(base_py): execfile(base_py, dir) def report_callback_exception(self, exc, val, tb): """Internal function. It reports exception on sys.stderr.""" import traceback, sys sys.stderr.write("Exception in Tkinter callback\n") sys.last_type = exc sys.last_value = val sys.last_traceback = tb traceback.print_exception(exc, val, tb) def __getattr__(self, attr): "Delegate attribute access to the interpreter object" return getattr(self.tk, attr) # Ideally, the classes Pack, Place and Grid disappear, the # pack/place/grid methods are defined on the Widget class, and # everybody uses w.pack_whatever(...) instead of Pack.whatever(w, # ...), with pack(), place() and grid() being short for # pack_configure(), place_configure() and grid_columnconfigure(), and # forget() being short for pack_forget(). As a practical matter, I'm # afraid that there is too much code out there that may be using the # Pack, Place or Grid class, so I leave them intact -- but only as # backwards compatibility features. Also note that those methods that # take a master as argument (e.g. pack_propagate) have been moved to # the Misc class (which now incorporates all methods common between # toplevel and interior widgets). Again, for compatibility, these are # copied into the Pack, Place or Grid class. def Tcl(screenName=None, baseName=None, className='Tk', useTk=0): return Tk(screenName, baseName, className, useTk) class Pack: """Geometry manager Pack. Base class to use the methods pack_* in every widget.""" def pack_configure(self, cnf={}, **kw): """Pack a widget in the parent widget. Use as options: after=widget - pack it after you have packed widget anchor=NSEW (or subset) - position widget according to given direction before=widget - pack it before you will pack widget expand=bool - expand widget if parent size grows fill=NONE or X or Y or BOTH - fill widget if widget grows in=master - use master to contain this widget in_=master - see 'in' option description ipadx=amount - add internal padding in x direction ipady=amount - add internal padding in y direction padx=amount - add padding in x direction pady=amount - add padding in y direction side=TOP or BOTTOM or LEFT or RIGHT - where to add this widget. """ self.tk.call( ('pack', 'configure', self._w) + self._options(cnf, kw)) pack = configure = config = pack_configure def pack_forget(self): """Unmap this widget and do not use it for the packing order.""" self.tk.call('pack', 'forget', self._w) forget = pack_forget def pack_info(self): """Return information about the packing options for this widget.""" words = self.tk.splitlist( self.tk.call('pack', 'info', self._w)) dict = {} for i in range(0, len(words), 2): key = words[i][1:] value = words[i+1] if value[:1] == '.': value = self._nametowidget(value) dict[key] = value return dict info = pack_info propagate = pack_propagate = Misc.pack_propagate slaves = pack_slaves = Misc.pack_slaves class Place: """Geometry manager Place. Base class to use the methods place_* in every widget.""" def place_configure(self, cnf={}, **kw): """Place a widget in the parent widget. Use as options: in=master - master relative to which the widget is placed in_=master - see 'in' option description x=amount - locate anchor of this widget at position x of master y=amount - locate anchor of this widget at position y of master relx=amount - locate anchor of this widget between 0.0 and 1.0 relative to width of master (1.0 is right edge) rely=amount - locate anchor of this widget between 0.0 and 1.0 relative to height of master (1.0 is bottom edge) anchor=NSEW (or subset) - position anchor according to given direction width=amount - width of this widget in pixel height=amount - height of this widget in pixel relwidth=amount - width of this widget between 0.0 and 1.0 relative to width of master (1.0 is the same width as the master) relheight=amount - height of this widget between 0.0 and 1.0 relative to height of master (1.0 is the same height as the master) bordermode="inside" or "outside" - whether to take border width of master widget into account """ self.tk.call( ('place', 'configure', self._w) + self._options(cnf, kw)) place = configure = config = place_configure def place_forget(self): """Unmap this widget.""" self.tk.call('place', 'forget', self._w) forget = place_forget def place_info(self): """Return information about the placing options for this widget.""" words = self.tk.splitlist( self.tk.call('place', 'info', self._w)) dict = {} for i in range(0, len(words), 2): key = words[i][1:] value = words[i+1] if value[:1] == '.': value = self._nametowidget(value) dict[key] = value return dict info = place_info slaves = place_slaves = Misc.place_slaves class Grid: """Geometry manager Grid. Base class to use the methods grid_* in every widget.""" # Thanks to Masazumi Yoshikawa (yosikawa@isi.edu) def grid_configure(self, cnf={}, **kw): """Position a widget in the parent widget in a grid. Use as options: column=number - use cell identified with given column (starting with 0) columnspan=number - this widget will span several columns in=master - use master to contain this widget in_=master - see 'in' option description ipadx=amount - add internal padding in x direction ipady=amount - add internal padding in y direction padx=amount - add padding in x direction pady=amount - add padding in y direction row=number - use cell identified with given row (starting with 0) rowspan=number - this widget will span several rows sticky=NSEW - if cell is larger on which sides will this widget stick to the cell boundary """ self.tk.call( ('grid', 'configure', self._w) + self._options(cnf, kw)) grid = configure = config = grid_configure bbox = grid_bbox = Misc.grid_bbox columnconfigure = grid_columnconfigure = Misc.grid_columnconfigure def grid_forget(self): """Unmap this widget.""" self.tk.call('grid', 'forget', self._w) forget = grid_forget def grid_remove(self): """Unmap this widget but remember the grid options.""" self.tk.call('grid', 'remove', self._w) def grid_info(self): """Return information about the options for positioning this widget in a grid.""" words = self.tk.splitlist( self.tk.call('grid', 'info', self._w)) dict = {} for i in range(0, len(words), 2): key = words[i][1:] value = words[i+1] if value[:1] == '.': value = self._nametowidget(value) dict[key] = value return dict info = grid_info location = grid_location = Misc.grid_location propagate = grid_propagate = Misc.grid_propagate rowconfigure = grid_rowconfigure = Misc.grid_rowconfigure size = grid_size = Misc.grid_size slaves = grid_slaves = Misc.grid_slaves class BaseWidget(Misc): """Internal class.""" def _setup(self, master, cnf): """Internal function. Sets up information about children.""" if _support_default_root: global _default_root if not master: if not _default_root: _default_root = Tk() master = _default_root self.master = master self.tk = master.tk name = None if 'name' in cnf: name = cnf['name'] del cnf['name'] if not name: name = repr(id(self)) self._name = name if master._w=='.': self._w = '.' + name else: self._w = master._w + '.' + name self.children = {} if self._name in self.master.children: self.master.children[self._name].destroy() self.master.children[self._name] = self def __init__(self, master, widgetName, cnf={}, kw={}, extra=()): """Construct a widget with the parent widget MASTER, a name WIDGETNAME and appropriate options.""" if kw: cnf = _cnfmerge((cnf, kw)) self.widgetName = widgetName BaseWidget._setup(self, master, cnf) if self._tclCommands is None: self._tclCommands = [] classes = [] for k in cnf.keys(): if type(k) is ClassType: classes.append((k, cnf[k])) del cnf[k] self.tk.call( (widgetName, self._w) + extra + self._options(cnf)) for k, v in classes: k.configure(self, v) def destroy(self): """Destroy this and all descendants widgets.""" for c in self.children.values(): c.destroy() self.tk.call('destroy', self._w) if self._name in self.master.children: del self.master.children[self._name] Misc.destroy(self) def _do(self, name, args=()): # XXX Obsolete -- better use self.tk.call directly! return self.tk.call((self._w, name) + args) class Widget(BaseWidget, Pack, Place, Grid): """Internal class. Base class for a widget which can be positioned with the geometry managers Pack, Place or Grid.""" pass class Toplevel(BaseWidget, Wm): """Toplevel widget, e.g. for dialogs.""" def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): """Construct a toplevel widget with the parent MASTER. Valid resource names: background, bd, bg, borderwidth, class, colormap, container, cursor, height, highlightbackground, highlightcolor, highlightthickness, menu, relief, screen, takefocus, use, visual, width.""" if kw: cnf = _cnfmerge((cnf, kw)) extra = () for wmkey in ['screen', 'class_', 'class', 'visual', 'colormap']: if wmkey in cnf: val = cnf[wmkey] # TBD: a hack needed because some keys # are not valid as keyword arguments if wmkey[-1] == '_': opt = '-'+wmkey[:-1] else: opt = '-'+wmkey extra = extra + (opt, val) del cnf[wmkey] BaseWidget.__init__(self, master, 'toplevel', cnf, {}, extra) root = self._root() self.iconname(root.iconname()) self.title(root.title()) self.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.destroy) class Button(Widget): """Button widget.""" def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): """Construct a button widget with the parent MASTER. STANDARD OPTIONS activebackground, activeforeground, anchor, background, bitmap, borderwidth, cursor, disabledforeground, font, foreground highlightbackground, highlightcolor, highlightthickness, image, justify, padx, pady, relief, repeatdelay, repeatinterval, takefocus, text, textvariable, underline, wraplength WIDGET-SPECIFIC OPTIONS command, compound, default, height, overrelief, state, width """ Widget.__init__(self, master, 'button', cnf, kw) def tkButtonEnter(self, *dummy): self.tk.call('tkButtonEnter', self._w) def tkButtonLeave(self, *dummy): self.tk.call('tkButtonLeave', self._w) def tkButtonDown(self, *dummy): self.tk.call('tkButtonDown', self._w) def tkButtonUp(self, *dummy): self.tk.call('tkButtonUp', self._w) def tkButtonInvoke(self, *dummy): self.tk.call('tkButtonInvoke', self._w) def flash(self): """Flash the button. This is accomplished by redisplaying the button several times, alternating between active and normal colors. At the end of the flash the button is left in the same normal/active state as when the command was invoked. This command is ignored if the button's state is disabled. """ self.tk.call(self._w, 'flash') def invoke(self): """Invoke the command associated with the button. The return value is the return value from the command, or an empty string if there is no command associated with the button. This command is ignored if the button's state is disabled. """ return self.tk.call(self._w, 'invoke') # Indices: # XXX I don't like these -- take them away def AtEnd(): return 'end' def AtInsert(*args): s = 'insert' for a in args: if a: s = s + (' ' + a) return s def AtSelFirst(): return 'sel.first' def AtSelLast(): return 'sel.last' def At(x, y=None): if y is None: return '@%r' % (x,) else: return '@%r,%r' % (x, y) class Canvas(Widget, XView, YView): """Canvas widget to display graphical elements like lines or text.""" def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): """Construct a canvas widget with the parent MASTER. Valid resource names: background, bd, bg, borderwidth, closeenough, confine, cursor, height, highlightbackground, highlightcolor, highlightthickness, insertbackground, insertborderwidth, insertofftime, insertontime, insertwidth, offset, relief, scrollregion, selectbackground, selectborderwidth, selectforeground, state, takefocus, width, xscrollcommand, xscrollincrement, yscrollcommand, yscrollincrement.""" Widget.__init__(self, master, 'canvas', cnf, kw) def addtag(self, *args): """Internal function.""" self.tk.call((self._w, 'addtag') + args) def addtag_above(self, newtag, tagOrId): """Add tag NEWTAG to all items above TAGORID.""" self.addtag(newtag, 'above', tagOrId) def addtag_all(self, newtag): """Add tag NEWTAG to all items.""" self.addtag(newtag, 'all') def addtag_below(self, newtag, tagOrId): """Add tag NEWTAG to all items below TAGORID.""" self.addtag(newtag, 'below', tagOrId) def addtag_closest(self, newtag, x, y, halo=None, start=None): """Add tag NEWTAG to item which is closest to pixel at X, Y. If several match take the top-most. All items closer than HALO are considered overlapping (all are closests). If START is specified the next below this tag is taken.""" self.addtag(newtag, 'closest', x, y, halo, start) def addtag_enclosed(self, newtag, x1, y1, x2, y2): """Add tag NEWTAG to all items in the rectangle defined by X1,Y1,X2,Y2.""" self.addtag(newtag, 'enclosed', x1, y1, x2, y2) def addtag_overlapping(self, newtag, x1, y1, x2, y2): """Add tag NEWTAG to all items which overlap the rectangle defined by X1,Y1,X2,Y2.""" self.addtag(newtag, 'overlapping', x1, y1, x2, y2) def addtag_withtag(self, newtag, tagOrId): """Add tag NEWTAG to all items with TAGORID.""" self.addtag(newtag, 'withtag', tagOrId) def bbox(self, *args): """Return a tuple of X1,Y1,X2,Y2 coordinates for a rectangle which encloses all items with tags specified as arguments.""" return self._getints( self.tk.call((self._w, 'bbox') + args)) or None def tag_unbind(self, tagOrId, sequence, funcid=None): """Unbind for all items with TAGORID for event SEQUENCE the function identified with FUNCID.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'bind', tagOrId, sequence, '') if funcid: self.deletecommand(funcid) def tag_bind(self, tagOrId, sequence=None, func=None, add=None): """Bind to all items with TAGORID at event SEQUENCE a call to function FUNC. An additional boolean parameter ADD specifies whether FUNC will be called additionally to the other bound function or whether it will replace the previous function. See bind for the return value.""" return self._bind((self._w, 'bind', tagOrId), sequence, func, add) def canvasx(self, screenx, gridspacing=None): """Return the canvas x coordinate of pixel position SCREENX rounded to nearest multiple of GRIDSPACING units.""" return getdouble(self.tk.call( self._w, 'canvasx', screenx, gridspacing)) def canvasy(self, screeny, gridspacing=None): """Return the canvas y coordinate of pixel position SCREENY rounded to nearest multiple of GRIDSPACING units.""" return getdouble(self.tk.call( self._w, 'canvasy', screeny, gridspacing)) def coords(self, *args): """Return a list of coordinates for the item given in ARGS.""" # XXX Should use _flatten on args return map(getdouble, self.tk.splitlist( self.tk.call((self._w, 'coords') + args))) def _create(self, itemType, args, kw): # Args: (val, val, ..., cnf={}) """Internal function.""" args = _flatten(args) cnf = args[-1] if type(cnf) in (DictionaryType, TupleType): args = args[:-1] else: cnf = {} return getint(self.tk.call( self._w, 'create', itemType, *(args + self._options(cnf, kw)))) def create_arc(self, *args, **kw): """Create arc shaped region with coordinates x1,y1,x2,y2.""" return self._create('arc', args, kw) def create_bitmap(self, *args, **kw): """Create bitmap with coordinates x1,y1.""" return self._create('bitmap', args, kw) def create_image(self, *args, **kw): """Create image item with coordinates x1,y1.""" return self._create('image', args, kw) def create_line(self, *args, **kw): """Create line with coordinates x1,y1,...,xn,yn.""" return self._create('line', args, kw) def create_oval(self, *args, **kw): """Create oval with coordinates x1,y1,x2,y2.""" return self._create('oval', args, kw) def create_polygon(self, *args, **kw): """Create polygon with coordinates x1,y1,...,xn,yn.""" return self._create('polygon', args, kw) def create_rectangle(self, *args, **kw): """Create rectangle with coordinates x1,y1,x2,y2.""" return self._create('rectangle', args, kw) def create_text(self, *args, **kw): """Create text with coordinates x1,y1.""" return self._create('text', args, kw) def create_window(self, *args, **kw): """Create window with coordinates x1,y1,x2,y2.""" return self._create('window', args, kw) def dchars(self, *args): """Delete characters of text items identified by tag or id in ARGS (possibly several times) from FIRST to LAST character (including).""" self.tk.call((self._w, 'dchars') + args) def delete(self, *args): """Delete items identified by all tag or ids contained in ARGS.""" self.tk.call((self._w, 'delete') + args) def dtag(self, *args): """Delete tag or id given as last arguments in ARGS from items identified by first argument in ARGS.""" self.tk.call((self._w, 'dtag') + args) def find(self, *args): """Internal function.""" return self._getints( self.tk.call((self._w, 'find') + args)) or () def find_above(self, tagOrId): """Return items above TAGORID.""" return self.find('above', tagOrId) def find_all(self): """Return all items.""" return self.find('all') def find_below(self, tagOrId): """Return all items below TAGORID.""" return self.find('below', tagOrId) def find_closest(self, x, y, halo=None, start=None): """Return item which is closest to pixel at X, Y. If several match take the top-most. All items closer than HALO are considered overlapping (all are closests). If START is specified the next below this tag is taken.""" return self.find('closest', x, y, halo, start) def find_enclosed(self, x1, y1, x2, y2): """Return all items in rectangle defined by X1,Y1,X2,Y2.""" return self.find('enclosed', x1, y1, x2, y2) def find_overlapping(self, x1, y1, x2, y2): """Return all items which overlap the rectangle defined by X1,Y1,X2,Y2.""" return self.find('overlapping', x1, y1, x2, y2) def find_withtag(self, tagOrId): """Return all items with TAGORID.""" return self.find('withtag', tagOrId) def focus(self, *args): """Set focus to the first item specified in ARGS.""" return self.tk.call((self._w, 'focus') + args) def gettags(self, *args): """Return tags associated with the first item specified in ARGS.""" return self.tk.splitlist( self.tk.call((self._w, 'gettags') + args)) def icursor(self, *args): """Set cursor at position POS in the item identified by TAGORID. In ARGS TAGORID must be first.""" self.tk.call((self._w, 'icursor') + args) def index(self, *args): """Return position of cursor as integer in item specified in ARGS.""" return getint(self.tk.call((self._w, 'index') + args)) def insert(self, *args): """Insert TEXT in item TAGORID at position POS. ARGS must be TAGORID POS TEXT.""" self.tk.call((self._w, 'insert') + args) def itemcget(self, tagOrId, option): """Return the resource value for an OPTION for item TAGORID.""" return self.tk.call( (self._w, 'itemcget') + (tagOrId, '-'+option)) def itemconfigure(self, tagOrId, cnf=None, **kw): """Configure resources of an item TAGORID. The values for resources are specified as keyword arguments. To get an overview about the allowed keyword arguments call the method without arguments. """ return self._configure(('itemconfigure', tagOrId), cnf, kw) itemconfig = itemconfigure # lower, tkraise/lift hide Misc.lower, Misc.tkraise/lift, # so the preferred name for them is tag_lower, tag_raise # (similar to tag_bind, and similar to the Text widget); # unfortunately can't delete the old ones yet (maybe in 1.6) def tag_lower(self, *args): """Lower an item TAGORID given in ARGS (optional below another item).""" self.tk.call((self._w, 'lower') + args) lower = tag_lower def move(self, *args): """Move an item TAGORID given in ARGS.""" self.tk.call((self._w, 'move') + args) def postscript(self, cnf={}, **kw): """Print the contents of the canvas to a postscript file. Valid options: colormap, colormode, file, fontmap, height, pageanchor, pageheight, pagewidth, pagex, pagey, rotate, witdh, x, y.""" return self.tk.call((self._w, 'postscript') + self._options(cnf, kw)) def tag_raise(self, *args): """Raise an item TAGORID given in ARGS (optional above another item).""" self.tk.call((self._w, 'raise') + args) lift = tkraise = tag_raise def scale(self, *args): """Scale item TAGORID with XORIGIN, YORIGIN, XSCALE, YSCALE.""" self.tk.call((self._w, 'scale') + args) def scan_mark(self, x, y): """Remember the current X, Y coordinates.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'scan', 'mark', x, y) def scan_dragto(self, x, y, gain=10): """Adjust the view of the canvas to GAIN times the difference between X and Y and the coordinates given in scan_mark.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'scan', 'dragto', x, y, gain) def select_adjust(self, tagOrId, index): """Adjust the end of the selection near the cursor of an item TAGORID to index.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'select', 'adjust', tagOrId, index) def select_clear(self): """Clear the selection if it is in this widget.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'select', 'clear') def select_from(self, tagOrId, index): """Set the fixed end of a selection in item TAGORID to INDEX.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'select', 'from', tagOrId, index) def select_item(self): """Return the item which has the selection.""" return self.tk.call(self._w, 'select', 'item') or None def select_to(self, tagOrId, index): """Set the variable end of a selection in item TAGORID to INDEX.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'select', 'to', tagOrId, index) def type(self, tagOrId): """Return the type of the item TAGORID.""" return self.tk.call(self._w, 'type', tagOrId) or None class Checkbutton(Widget): """Checkbutton widget which is either in on- or off-state.""" def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): """Construct a checkbutton widget with the parent MASTER. Valid resource names: activebackground, activeforeground, anchor, background, bd, bg, bitmap, borderwidth, command, cursor, disabledforeground, fg, font, foreground, height, highlightbackground, highlightcolor, highlightthickness, image, indicatoron, justify, offvalue, onvalue, padx, pady, relief, selectcolor, selectimage, state, takefocus, text, textvariable, underline, variable, width, wraplength.""" Widget.__init__(self, master, 'checkbutton', cnf, kw) def deselect(self): """Put the button in off-state.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'deselect') def flash(self): """Flash the button.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'flash') def invoke(self): """Toggle the button and invoke a command if given as resource.""" return self.tk.call(self._w, 'invoke') def select(self): """Put the button in on-state.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'select') def toggle(self): """Toggle the button.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'toggle') class Entry(Widget, XView): """Entry widget which allows to display simple text.""" def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): """Construct an entry widget with the parent MASTER. Valid resource names: background, bd, bg, borderwidth, cursor, exportselection, fg, font, foreground, highlightbackground, highlightcolor, highlightthickness, insertbackground, insertborderwidth, insertofftime, insertontime, insertwidth, invalidcommand, invcmd, justify, relief, selectbackground, selectborderwidth, selectforeground, show, state, takefocus, textvariable, validate, validatecommand, vcmd, width, xscrollcommand.""" Widget.__init__(self, master, 'entry', cnf, kw) def delete(self, first, last=None): """Delete text from FIRST to LAST (not included).""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'delete', first, last) def get(self): """Return the text.""" return self.tk.call(self._w, 'get') def icursor(self, index): """Insert cursor at INDEX.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'icursor', index) def index(self, index): """Return position of cursor.""" return getint(self.tk.call( self._w, 'index', index)) def insert(self, index, string): """Insert STRING at INDEX.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'insert', index, string) def scan_mark(self, x): """Remember the current X, Y coordinates.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'scan', 'mark', x) def scan_dragto(self, x): """Adjust the view of the canvas to 10 times the difference between X and Y and the coordinates given in scan_mark.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'scan', 'dragto', x) def selection_adjust(self, index): """Adjust the end of the selection near the cursor to INDEX.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'selection', 'adjust', index) select_adjust = selection_adjust def selection_clear(self): """Clear the selection if it is in this widget.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'selection', 'clear') select_clear = selection_clear def selection_from(self, index): """Set the fixed end of a selection to INDEX.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'selection', 'from', index) select_from = selection_from def selection_present(self): """Return True if there are characters selected in the entry, False otherwise.""" return self.tk.getboolean( self.tk.call(self._w, 'selection', 'present')) select_present = selection_present def selection_range(self, start, end): """Set the selection from START to END (not included).""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'selection', 'range', start, end) select_range = selection_range def selection_to(self, index): """Set the variable end of a selection to INDEX.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'selection', 'to', index) select_to = selection_to class Frame(Widget): """Frame widget which may contain other widgets and can have a 3D border.""" def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): """Construct a frame widget with the parent MASTER. Valid resource names: background, bd, bg, borderwidth, class, colormap, container, cursor, height, highlightbackground, highlightcolor, highlightthickness, relief, takefocus, visual, width.""" cnf = _cnfmerge((cnf, kw)) extra = () if 'class_' in cnf: extra = ('-class', cnf['class_']) del cnf['class_'] elif 'class' in cnf: extra = ('-class', cnf['class']) del cnf['class'] Widget.__init__(self, master, 'frame', cnf, {}, extra) class Label(Widget): """Label widget which can display text and bitmaps.""" def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): """Construct a label widget with the parent MASTER. STANDARD OPTIONS activebackground, activeforeground, anchor, background, bitmap, borderwidth, cursor, disabledforeground, font, foreground, highlightbackground, highlightcolor, highlightthickness, image, justify, padx, pady, relief, takefocus, text, textvariable, underline, wraplength WIDGET-SPECIFIC OPTIONS height, state, width """ Widget.__init__(self, master, 'label', cnf, kw) class Listbox(Widget, XView, YView): """Listbox widget which can display a list of strings.""" def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): """Construct a listbox widget with the parent MASTER. Valid resource names: background, bd, bg, borderwidth, cursor, exportselection, fg, font, foreground, height, highlightbackground, highlightcolor, highlightthickness, relief, selectbackground, selectborderwidth, selectforeground, selectmode, setgrid, takefocus, width, xscrollcommand, yscrollcommand, listvariable.""" Widget.__init__(self, master, 'listbox', cnf, kw) def activate(self, index): """Activate item identified by INDEX.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'activate', index) def bbox(self, *args): """Return a tuple of X1,Y1,X2,Y2 coordinates for a rectangle which encloses the item identified by index in ARGS.""" return self._getints( self.tk.call((self._w, 'bbox') + args)) or None def curselection(self): """Return list of indices of currently selected item.""" # XXX Ought to apply self._getints()... return self.tk.splitlist(self.tk.call( self._w, 'curselection')) def delete(self, first, last=None): """Delete items from FIRST to LAST (not included).""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'delete', first, last) def get(self, first, last=None): """Get list of items from FIRST to LAST (not included).""" if last: return self.tk.splitlist(self.tk.call( self._w, 'get', first, last)) else: return self.tk.call(self._w, 'get', first) def index(self, index): """Return index of item identified with INDEX.""" i = self.tk.call(self._w, 'index', index) if i == 'none': return None return getint(i) def insert(self, index, *elements): """Insert ELEMENTS at INDEX.""" self.tk.call((self._w, 'insert', index) + elements) def nearest(self, y): """Get index of item which is nearest to y coordinate Y.""" return getint(self.tk.call( self._w, 'nearest', y)) def scan_mark(self, x, y): """Remember the current X, Y coordinates.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'scan', 'mark', x, y) def scan_dragto(self, x, y): """Adjust the view of the listbox to 10 times the difference between X and Y and the coordinates given in scan_mark.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'scan', 'dragto', x, y) def see(self, index): """Scroll such that INDEX is visible.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'see', index) def selection_anchor(self, index): """Set the fixed end oft the selection to INDEX.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'selection', 'anchor', index) select_anchor = selection_anchor def selection_clear(self, first, last=None): """Clear the selection from FIRST to LAST (not included).""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'selection', 'clear', first, last) select_clear = selection_clear def selection_includes(self, index): """Return 1 if INDEX is part of the selection.""" return self.tk.getboolean(self.tk.call( self._w, 'selection', 'includes', index)) select_includes = selection_includes def selection_set(self, first, last=None): """Set the selection from FIRST to LAST (not included) without changing the currently selected elements.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'selection', 'set', first, last) select_set = selection_set def size(self): """Return the number of elements in the listbox.""" return getint(self.tk.call(self._w, 'size')) def itemcget(self, index, option): """Return the resource value for an ITEM and an OPTION.""" return self.tk.call( (self._w, 'itemcget') + (index, '-'+option)) def itemconfigure(self, index, cnf=None, **kw): """Configure resources of an ITEM. The values for resources are specified as keyword arguments. To get an overview about the allowed keyword arguments call the method without arguments. Valid resource names: background, bg, foreground, fg, selectbackground, selectforeground.""" return self._configure(('itemconfigure', index), cnf, kw) itemconfig = itemconfigure class Menu(Widget): """Menu widget which allows to display menu bars, pull-down menus and pop-up menus.""" def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): """Construct menu widget with the parent MASTER. Valid resource names: activebackground, activeborderwidth, activeforeground, background, bd, bg, borderwidth, cursor, disabledforeground, fg, font, foreground, postcommand, relief, selectcolor, takefocus, tearoff, tearoffcommand, title, type.""" Widget.__init__(self, master, 'menu', cnf, kw) def tk_bindForTraversal(self): pass # obsolete since Tk 4.0 def tk_mbPost(self): self.tk.call('tk_mbPost', self._w) def tk_mbUnpost(self): self.tk.call('tk_mbUnpost') def tk_traverseToMenu(self, char): self.tk.call('tk_traverseToMenu', self._w, char) def tk_traverseWithinMenu(self, char): self.tk.call('tk_traverseWithinMenu', self._w, char) def tk_getMenuButtons(self): return self.tk.call('tk_getMenuButtons', self._w) def tk_nextMenu(self, count): self.tk.call('tk_nextMenu', count) def tk_nextMenuEntry(self, count): self.tk.call('tk_nextMenuEntry', count) def tk_invokeMenu(self): self.tk.call('tk_invokeMenu', self._w) def tk_firstMenu(self): self.tk.call('tk_firstMenu', self._w) def tk_mbButtonDown(self): self.tk.call('tk_mbButtonDown', self._w) def tk_popup(self, x, y, entry=""): """Post the menu at position X,Y with entry ENTRY.""" self.tk.call('tk_popup', self._w, x, y, entry) def activate(self, index): """Activate entry at INDEX.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'activate', index) def add(self, itemType, cnf={}, **kw): """Internal function.""" self.tk.call((self._w, 'add', itemType) + self._options(cnf, kw)) def add_cascade(self, cnf={}, **kw): """Add hierarchical menu item.""" self.add('cascade', cnf or kw) def add_checkbutton(self, cnf={}, **kw): """Add checkbutton menu item.""" self.add('checkbutton', cnf or kw) def add_command(self, cnf={}, **kw): """Add command menu item.""" self.add('command', cnf or kw) def add_radiobutton(self, cnf={}, **kw): """Addd radio menu item.""" self.add('radiobutton', cnf or kw) def add_separator(self, cnf={}, **kw): """Add separator.""" self.add('separator', cnf or kw) def insert(self, index, itemType, cnf={}, **kw): """Internal function.""" self.tk.call((self._w, 'insert', index, itemType) + self._options(cnf, kw)) def insert_cascade(self, index, cnf={}, **kw): """Add hierarchical menu item at INDEX.""" self.insert(index, 'cascade', cnf or kw) def insert_checkbutton(self, index, cnf={}, **kw): """Add checkbutton menu item at INDEX.""" self.insert(index, 'checkbutton', cnf or kw) def insert_command(self, index, cnf={}, **kw): """Add command menu item at INDEX.""" self.insert(index, 'command', cnf or kw) def insert_radiobutton(self, index, cnf={}, **kw): """Addd radio menu item at INDEX.""" self.insert(index, 'radiobutton', cnf or kw) def insert_separator(self, index, cnf={}, **kw): """Add separator at INDEX.""" self.insert(index, 'separator', cnf or kw) def delete(self, index1, index2=None): """Delete menu items between INDEX1 and INDEX2 (included).""" if index2 is None: index2 = index1 num_index1, num_index2 = self.index(index1), self.index(index2) if (num_index1 is None) or (num_index2 is None): num_index1, num_index2 = 0, -1 for i in range(num_index1, num_index2 + 1): if 'command' in self.entryconfig(i): c = str(self.entrycget(i, 'command')) if c: self.deletecommand(c) self.tk.call(self._w, 'delete', index1, index2) def entrycget(self, index, option): """Return the resource value of an menu item for OPTION at INDEX.""" return self.tk.call(self._w, 'entrycget', index, '-' + option) def entryconfigure(self, index, cnf=None, **kw): """Configure a menu item at INDEX.""" return self._configure(('entryconfigure', index), cnf, kw) entryconfig = entryconfigure def index(self, index): """Return the index of a menu item identified by INDEX.""" i = self.tk.call(self._w, 'index', index) if i == 'none': return None return getint(i) def invoke(self, index): """Invoke a menu item identified by INDEX and execute the associated command.""" return self.tk.call(self._w, 'invoke', index) def post(self, x, y): """Display a menu at position X,Y.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'post', x, y) def type(self, index): """Return the type of the menu item at INDEX.""" return self.tk.call(self._w, 'type', index) def unpost(self): """Unmap a menu.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'unpost') def yposition(self, index): """Return the y-position of the topmost pixel of the menu item at INDEX.""" return getint(self.tk.call( self._w, 'yposition', index)) class Menubutton(Widget): """Menubutton widget, obsolete since Tk8.0.""" def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): Widget.__init__(self, master, 'menubutton', cnf, kw) class Message(Widget): """Message widget to display multiline text. Obsolete since Label does it too.""" def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): Widget.__init__(self, master, 'message', cnf, kw) class Radiobutton(Widget): """Radiobutton widget which shows only one of several buttons in on-state.""" def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): """Construct a radiobutton widget with the parent MASTER. Valid resource names: activebackground, activeforeground, anchor, background, bd, bg, bitmap, borderwidth, command, cursor, disabledforeground, fg, font, foreground, height, highlightbackground, highlightcolor, highlightthickness, image, indicatoron, justify, padx, pady, relief, selectcolor, selectimage, state, takefocus, text, textvariable, underline, value, variable, width, wraplength.""" Widget.__init__(self, master, 'radiobutton', cnf, kw) def deselect(self): """Put the button in off-state.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'deselect') def flash(self): """Flash the button.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'flash') def invoke(self): """Toggle the button and invoke a command if given as resource.""" return self.tk.call(self._w, 'invoke') def select(self): """Put the button in on-state.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'select') class Scale(Widget): """Scale widget which can display a numerical scale.""" def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): """Construct a scale widget with the parent MASTER. Valid resource names: activebackground, background, bigincrement, bd, bg, borderwidth, command, cursor, digits, fg, font, foreground, from, highlightbackground, highlightcolor, highlightthickness, label, length, orient, relief, repeatdelay, repeatinterval, resolution, showvalue, sliderlength, sliderrelief, state, takefocus, tickinterval, to, troughcolor, variable, width.""" Widget.__init__(self, master, 'scale', cnf, kw) def get(self): """Get the current value as integer or float.""" value = self.tk.call(self._w, 'get') try: return getint(value) except ValueError: return getdouble(value) def set(self, value): """Set the value to VALUE.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'set', value) def coords(self, value=None): """Return a tuple (X,Y) of the point along the centerline of the trough that corresponds to VALUE or the current value if None is given.""" return self._getints(self.tk.call(self._w, 'coords', value)) def identify(self, x, y): """Return where the point X,Y lies. Valid return values are "slider", "though1" and "though2".""" return self.tk.call(self._w, 'identify', x, y) class Scrollbar(Widget): """Scrollbar widget which displays a slider at a certain position.""" def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): """Construct a scrollbar widget with the parent MASTER. Valid resource names: activebackground, activerelief, background, bd, bg, borderwidth, command, cursor, elementborderwidth, highlightbackground, highlightcolor, highlightthickness, jump, orient, relief, repeatdelay, repeatinterval, takefocus, troughcolor, width.""" Widget.__init__(self, master, 'scrollbar', cnf, kw) def activate(self, index): """Display the element at INDEX with activebackground and activerelief. INDEX can be "arrow1","slider" or "arrow2".""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'activate', index) def delta(self, deltax, deltay): """Return the fractional change of the scrollbar setting if it would be moved by DELTAX or DELTAY pixels.""" return getdouble( self.tk.call(self._w, 'delta', deltax, deltay)) def fraction(self, x, y): """Return the fractional value which corresponds to a slider position of X,Y.""" return getdouble(self.tk.call(self._w, 'fraction', x, y)) def identify(self, x, y): """Return the element under position X,Y as one of "arrow1","slider","arrow2" or "".""" return self.tk.call(self._w, 'identify', x, y) def get(self): """Return the current fractional values (upper and lower end) of the slider position.""" return self._getdoubles(self.tk.call(self._w, 'get')) def set(self, *args): """Set the fractional values of the slider position (upper and lower ends as value between 0 and 1).""" self.tk.call((self._w, 'set') + args) class Text(Widget, XView, YView): """Text widget which can display text in various forms.""" def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): """Construct a text widget with the parent MASTER. STANDARD OPTIONS background, borderwidth, cursor, exportselection, font, foreground, highlightbackground, highlightcolor, highlightthickness, insertbackground, insertborderwidth, insertofftime, insertontime, insertwidth, padx, pady, relief, selectbackground, selectborderwidth, selectforeground, setgrid, takefocus, xscrollcommand, yscrollcommand, WIDGET-SPECIFIC OPTIONS autoseparators, height, maxundo, spacing1, spacing2, spacing3, state, tabs, undo, width, wrap, """ Widget.__init__(self, master, 'text', cnf, kw) def bbox(self, *args): """Return a tuple of (x,y,width,height) which gives the bounding box of the visible part of the character at the index in ARGS.""" return self._getints( self.tk.call((self._w, 'bbox') + args)) or None def tk_textSelectTo(self, index): self.tk.call('tk_textSelectTo', self._w, index) def tk_textBackspace(self): self.tk.call('tk_textBackspace', self._w) def tk_textIndexCloser(self, a, b, c): self.tk.call('tk_textIndexCloser', self._w, a, b, c) def tk_textResetAnchor(self, index): self.tk.call('tk_textResetAnchor', self._w, index) def compare(self, index1, op, index2): """Return whether between index INDEX1 and index INDEX2 the relation OP is satisfied. OP is one of <, <=, ==, >=, >, or !=.""" return self.tk.getboolean(self.tk.call( self._w, 'compare', index1, op, index2)) def debug(self, boolean=None): """Turn on the internal consistency checks of the B-Tree inside the text widget according to BOOLEAN.""" return self.tk.getboolean(self.tk.call( self._w, 'debug', boolean)) def delete(self, index1, index2=None): """Delete the characters between INDEX1 and INDEX2 (not included).""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'delete', index1, index2) def dlineinfo(self, index): """Return tuple (x,y,width,height,baseline) giving the bounding box and baseline position of the visible part of the line containing the character at INDEX.""" return self._getints(self.tk.call(self._w, 'dlineinfo', index)) def dump(self, index1, index2=None, command=None, **kw): """Return the contents of the widget between index1 and index2. The type of contents returned in filtered based on the keyword parameters; if 'all', 'image', 'mark', 'tag', 'text', or 'window' are given and true, then the corresponding items are returned. The result is a list of triples of the form (key, value, index). If none of the keywords are true then 'all' is used by default. If the 'command' argument is given, it is called once for each element of the list of triples, with the values of each triple serving as the arguments to the function. In this case the list is not returned.""" args = [] func_name = None result = None if not command: # Never call the dump command without the -command flag, since the # output could involve Tcl quoting and would be a pain to parse # right. Instead just set the command to build a list of triples # as if we had done the parsing. result = [] def append_triple(key, value, index, result=result): result.append((key, value, index)) command = append_triple try: if not isinstance(command, str): func_name = command = self._register(command) args += ["-command", command] for key in kw: if kw[key]: args.append("-" + key) args.append(index1) if index2: args.append(index2) self.tk.call(self._w, "dump", *args) return result finally: if func_name: self.deletecommand(func_name) ## new in tk8.4 def edit(self, *args): """Internal method This method controls the undo mechanism and the modified flag. The exact behavior of the command depends on the option argument that follows the edit argument. The following forms of the command are currently supported: edit_modified, edit_redo, edit_reset, edit_separator and edit_undo """ return self.tk.call(self._w, 'edit', *args) def edit_modified(self, arg=None): """Get or Set the modified flag If arg is not specified, returns the modified flag of the widget. The insert, delete, edit undo and edit redo commands or the user can set or clear the modified flag. If boolean is specified, sets the modified flag of the widget to arg. """ return self.edit("modified", arg) def edit_redo(self): """Redo the last undone edit When the undo option is true, reapplies the last undone edits provided no other edits were done since then. Generates an error when the redo stack is empty. Does nothing when the undo option is false. """ return self.edit("redo") def edit_reset(self): """Clears the undo and redo stacks """ return self.edit("reset") def edit_separator(self): """Inserts a separator (boundary) on the undo stack. Does nothing when the undo option is false """ return self.edit("separator") def edit_undo(self): """Undoes the last edit action If the undo option is true. An edit action is defined as all the insert and delete commands that are recorded on the undo stack in between two separators. Generates an error when the undo stack is empty. Does nothing when the undo option is false """ return self.edit("undo") def get(self, index1, index2=None): """Return the text from INDEX1 to INDEX2 (not included).""" return self.tk.call(self._w, 'get', index1, index2) # (Image commands are new in 8.0) def image_cget(self, index, option): """Return the value of OPTION of an embedded image at INDEX.""" if option[:1] != "-": option = "-" + option if option[-1:] == "_": option = option[:-1] return self.tk.call(self._w, "image", "cget", index, option) def image_configure(self, index, cnf=None, **kw): """Configure an embedded image at INDEX.""" return self._configure(('image', 'configure', index), cnf, kw) def image_create(self, index, cnf={}, **kw): """Create an embedded image at INDEX.""" return self.tk.call( self._w, "image", "create", index, *self._options(cnf, kw)) def image_names(self): """Return all names of embedded images in this widget.""" return self.tk.call(self._w, "image", "names") def index(self, index): """Return the index in the form line.char for INDEX.""" return str(self.tk.call(self._w, 'index', index)) def insert(self, index, chars, *args): """Insert CHARS before the characters at INDEX. An additional tag can be given in ARGS. Additional CHARS and tags can follow in ARGS.""" self.tk.call((self._w, 'insert', index, chars) + args) def mark_gravity(self, markName, direction=None): """Change the gravity of a mark MARKNAME to DIRECTION (LEFT or RIGHT). Return the current value if None is given for DIRECTION.""" return self.tk.call( (self._w, 'mark', 'gravity', markName, direction)) def mark_names(self): """Return all mark names.""" return self.tk.splitlist(self.tk.call( self._w, 'mark', 'names')) def mark_set(self, markName, index): """Set mark MARKNAME before the character at INDEX.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'mark', 'set', markName, index) def mark_unset(self, *markNames): """Delete all marks in MARKNAMES.""" self.tk.call((self._w, 'mark', 'unset') + markNames) def mark_next(self, index): """Return the name of the next mark after INDEX.""" return self.tk.call(self._w, 'mark', 'next', index) or None def mark_previous(self, index): """Return the name of the previous mark before INDEX.""" return self.tk.call(self._w, 'mark', 'previous', index) or None def scan_mark(self, x, y): """Remember the current X, Y coordinates.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'scan', 'mark', x, y) def scan_dragto(self, x, y): """Adjust the view of the text to 10 times the difference between X and Y and the coordinates given in scan_mark.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'scan', 'dragto', x, y) def search(self, pattern, index, stopindex=None, forwards=None, backwards=None, exact=None, regexp=None, nocase=None, count=None, elide=None): """Search PATTERN beginning from INDEX until STOPINDEX. Return the index of the first character of a match or an empty string.""" args = [self._w, 'search'] if forwards: args.append('-forwards') if backwards: args.append('-backwards') if exact: args.append('-exact') if regexp: args.append('-regexp') if nocase: args.append('-nocase') if elide: args.append('-elide') if count: args.append('-count'); args.append(count) if pattern and pattern[0] == '-': args.append('--') args.append(pattern) args.append(index) if stopindex: args.append(stopindex) return str(self.tk.call(tuple(args))) def see(self, index): """Scroll such that the character at INDEX is visible.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'see', index) def tag_add(self, tagName, index1, *args): """Add tag TAGNAME to all characters between INDEX1 and index2 in ARGS. Additional pairs of indices may follow in ARGS.""" self.tk.call( (self._w, 'tag', 'add', tagName, index1) + args) def tag_unbind(self, tagName, sequence, funcid=None): """Unbind for all characters with TAGNAME for event SEQUENCE the function identified with FUNCID.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'tag', 'bind', tagName, sequence, '') if funcid: self.deletecommand(funcid) def tag_bind(self, tagName, sequence, func, add=None): """Bind to all characters with TAGNAME at event SEQUENCE a call to function FUNC. An additional boolean parameter ADD specifies whether FUNC will be called additionally to the other bound function or whether it will replace the previous function. See bind for the return value.""" return self._bind((self._w, 'tag', 'bind', tagName), sequence, func, add) def tag_cget(self, tagName, option): """Return the value of OPTION for tag TAGNAME.""" if option[:1] != '-': option = '-' + option if option[-1:] == '_': option = option[:-1] return self.tk.call(self._w, 'tag', 'cget', tagName, option) def tag_configure(self, tagName, cnf=None, **kw): """Configure a tag TAGNAME.""" return self._configure(('tag', 'configure', tagName), cnf, kw) tag_config = tag_configure def tag_delete(self, *tagNames): """Delete all tags in TAGNAMES.""" self.tk.call((self._w, 'tag', 'delete') + tagNames) def tag_lower(self, tagName, belowThis=None): """Change the priority of tag TAGNAME such that it is lower than the priority of BELOWTHIS.""" self.tk.call(self._w, 'tag', 'lower', tagName, belowThis) def tag_names(self, index=None): """Return a list of all tag names.""" return self.tk.splitlist( self.tk.call(self._w, 'tag', 'names', index)) def tag_nextrange(self, tagName, index1, index2=None): """Return a list of start and end index for the first sequence of characters between INDEX1 and INDEX2 which all have tag TAGNAME. The text is searched forward from INDEX1.""" return self.tk.splitlist(self.tk.call( self._w, 'tag', 'nextrange', tagName, index1, index2)) def tag_prevrange(self, tagName, index1, index2=None): """Return a list of start and end index for the first sequence of characters between INDEX1 and INDEX2 which all have tag TAGNAME. The text is searched backwards from INDEX1.""" return self.tk.splitlist(self.tk.call( self._w, 'tag', 'prevrange', tagName, index1, index2)) def tag_raise(self, tagName, aboveThis=None): """Change the priority of tag TAGNAME such that it is higher than the priority of ABOVETHIS.""" self.tk.call( self._w, 'tag', 'raise', tagName, aboveThis) def tag_ranges(self, tagName): """Return a list of ranges of text which have tag TAGNAME.""" return self.tk.splitlist(self.tk.call( self._w, 'tag', 'ranges', tagName)) def tag_remove(self, tagName, index1, index2=None): """Remove tag TAGNAME from all characters between INDEX1 and INDEX2.""" self.tk.call( self._w, 'tag', 'remove', tagName, index1, index2) def window_cget(self, index, option): """Return the value of OPTION of an embedded window at INDEX.""" if option[:1] != '-': option = '-' + option if option[-1:] == '_': option = option[:-1] return self.tk.call(self._w, 'window', 'cget', index, option) def window_configure(self, index, cnf=None, **kw): """Configure an embedded window at INDEX.""" return self._configure(('window', 'configure', index), cnf, kw) window_config = window_configure def window_create(self, index, cnf={}, **kw): """Create a window at INDEX.""" self.tk.call( (self._w, 'window', 'create', index) + self._options(cnf, kw)) def window_names(self): """Return all names of embedded windows in this widget.""" return self.tk.splitlist( self.tk.call(self._w, 'window', 'names')) def yview_pickplace(self, *what): """Obsolete function, use see.""" self.tk.call((self._w, 'yview', '-pickplace') + what) class _setit: """Internal class. It wraps the command in the widget OptionMenu.""" def __init__(self, var, value, callback=None): self.__value = value self.__var = var self.__callback = callback def __call__(self, *args): self.__var.set(self.__value) if self.__callback: self.__callback(self.__value, *args) class OptionMenu(Menubutton): """OptionMenu which allows the user to select a value from a menu.""" def __init__(self, master, variable, value, *values, **kwargs): """Construct an optionmenu widget with the parent MASTER, with the resource textvariable set to VARIABLE, the initially selected value VALUE, the other menu values VALUES and an additional keyword argument command.""" kw = {"borderwidth": 2, "textvariable": variable, "indicatoron": 1, "relief": RAISED, "anchor": "c", "highlightthickness": 2} Widget.__init__(self, master, "menubutton", kw) self.widgetName = 'tk_optionMenu' menu = self.__menu = Menu(self, name="menu", tearoff=0) self.menuname = menu._w # 'command' is the only supported keyword callback = kwargs.get('command') if 'command' in kwargs: del kwargs['command'] if kwargs: raise TclError, 'unknown option -'+kwargs.keys()[0] menu.add_command(label=value, command=_setit(variable, value, callback)) for v in values: menu.add_command(label=v, command=_setit(variable, v, callback)) self["menu"] = menu def __getitem__(self, name): if name == 'menu': return self.__menu return Widget.__getitem__(self, name) def destroy(self): """Destroy this widget and the associated menu.""" Menubutton.destroy(self) self.__menu = None class Image: """Base class for images.""" _last_id = 0 def __init__(self, imgtype, name=None, cnf={}, master=None, **kw): self.name = None if not master: master = _default_root if not master: raise RuntimeError, 'Too early to create image' self.tk = master.tk if not name: Image._last_id += 1 name = "pyimage%r" % (Image._last_id,) # tk itself would use image<x> # The following is needed for systems where id(x) # can return a negative number, such as Linux/m68k: if name[0] == '-': name = '_' + name[1:] if kw and cnf: cnf = _cnfmerge((cnf, kw)) elif kw: cnf = kw options = () for k, v in cnf.items(): if hasattr(v, '__call__'): v = self._register(v) options = options + ('-'+k, v) self.tk.call(('image', 'create', imgtype, name,) + options) self.name = name def __str__(self): return self.name def __del__(self): if self.name: try: self.tk.call('image', 'delete', self.name) except TclError: # May happen if the root was destroyed pass def __setitem__(self, key, value): self.tk.call(self.name, 'configure', '-'+key, value) def __getitem__(self, key): return self.tk.call(self.name, 'configure', '-'+key) def configure(self, **kw): """Configure the image.""" res = () for k, v in _cnfmerge(kw).items(): if v is not None: if k[-1] == '_': k = k[:-1] if hasattr(v, '__call__'): v = self._register(v) res = res + ('-'+k, v) self.tk.call((self.name, 'config') + res) config = configure def height(self): """Return the height of the image.""" return getint( self.tk.call('image', 'height', self.name)) def type(self): """Return the type of the imgage, e.g. "photo" or "bitmap".""" return self.tk.call('image', 'type', self.name) def width(self): """Return the width of the image.""" return getint( self.tk.call('image', 'width', self.name)) class PhotoImage(Image): """Widget which can display colored images in GIF, PPM/PGM format.""" def __init__(self, name=None, cnf={}, master=None, **kw): """Create an image with NAME. Valid resource names: data, format, file, gamma, height, palette, width.""" Image.__init__(self, 'photo', name, cnf, master, **kw) def blank(self): """Display a transparent image.""" self.tk.call(self.name, 'blank') def cget(self, option): """Return the value of OPTION.""" return self.tk.call(self.name, 'cget', '-' + option) # XXX config def __getitem__(self, key): return self.tk.call(self.name, 'cget', '-' + key) # XXX copy -from, -to, ...? def copy(self): """Return a new PhotoImage with the same image as this widget.""" destImage = PhotoImage() self.tk.call(destImage, 'copy', self.name) return destImage def zoom(self,x,y=''): """Return a new PhotoImage with the same image as this widget but zoom it with X and Y.""" destImage = PhotoImage() if y=='': y=x self.tk.call(destImage, 'copy', self.name, '-zoom',x,y) return destImage def subsample(self,x,y=''): """Return a new PhotoImage based on the same image as this widget but use only every Xth or Yth pixel.""" destImage = PhotoImage() if y=='': y=x self.tk.call(destImage, 'copy', self.name, '-subsample',x,y) return destImage def get(self, x, y): """Return the color (red, green, blue) of the pixel at X,Y.""" return self.tk.call(self.name, 'get', x, y) def put(self, data, to=None): """Put row formatted colors to image starting from position TO, e.g. image.put("{red green} {blue yellow}", to=(4,6))""" args = (self.name, 'put', data) if to: if to[0] == '-to': to = to[1:] args = args + ('-to',) + tuple(to) self.tk.call(args) # XXX read def write(self, filename, format=None, from_coords=None): """Write image to file FILENAME in FORMAT starting from position FROM_COORDS.""" args = (self.name, 'write', filename) if format: args = args + ('-format', format) if from_coords: args = args + ('-from',) + tuple(from_coords) self.tk.call(args) class BitmapImage(Image): """Widget which can display a bitmap.""" def __init__(self, name=None, cnf={}, master=None, **kw): """Create a bitmap with NAME. Valid resource names: background, data, file, foreground, maskdata, maskfile.""" Image.__init__(self, 'bitmap', name, cnf, master, **kw) def image_names(): return _default_root.tk.call('image', 'names') def image_types(): return _default_root.tk.call('image', 'types') class Spinbox(Widget, XView): """spinbox widget.""" def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): """Construct a spinbox widget with the parent MASTER. STANDARD OPTIONS activebackground, background, borderwidth, cursor, exportselection, font, foreground, highlightbackground, highlightcolor, highlightthickness, insertbackground, insertborderwidth, insertofftime, insertontime, insertwidth, justify, relief, repeatdelay, repeatinterval, selectbackground, selectborderwidth selectforeground, takefocus, textvariable xscrollcommand. WIDGET-SPECIFIC OPTIONS buttonbackground, buttoncursor, buttondownrelief, buttonuprelief, command, disabledbackground, disabledforeground, format, from, invalidcommand, increment, readonlybackground, state, to, validate, validatecommand values, width, wrap, """ Widget.__init__(self, master, 'spinbox', cnf, kw) def bbox(self, index): """Return a tuple of X1,Y1,X2,Y2 coordinates for a rectangle which encloses the character given by index. The first two elements of the list give the x and y coordinates of the upper-left corner of the screen area covered by the character (in pixels relative to the widget) and the last two elements give the width and height of the character, in pixels. The bounding box may refer to a region outside the visible area of the window. """ return self.tk.call(self._w, 'bbox', index) def delete(self, first, last=None): """Delete one or more elements of the spinbox. First is the index of the first character to delete, and last is the index of the character just after the last one to delete. If last isn't specified it defaults to first+1, i.e. a single character is deleted. This command returns an empty string. """ return self.tk.call(self._w, 'delete', first, last) def get(self): """Returns the spinbox's string""" return self.tk.call(self._w, 'get') def icursor(self, index): """Alter the position of the insertion cursor. The insertion cursor will be displayed just before the character given by index. Returns an empty string """ return self.tk.call(self._w, 'icursor', index) def identify(self, x, y): """Returns the name of the widget at position x, y Return value is one of: none, buttondown, buttonup, entry """ return self.tk.call(self._w, 'identify', x, y) def index(self, index): """Returns the numerical index corresponding to index """ return self.tk.call(self._w, 'index', index) def insert(self, index, s): """Insert string s at index Returns an empty string. """ return self.tk.call(self._w, 'insert', index, s) def invoke(self, element): """Causes the specified element to be invoked The element could be buttondown or buttonup triggering the action associated with it. """ return self.tk.call(self._w, 'invoke', element) def scan(self, *args): """Internal function.""" return self._getints( self.tk.call((self._w, 'scan') + args)) or () def scan_mark(self, x): """Records x and the current view in the spinbox window; used in conjunction with later scan dragto commands. Typically this command is associated with a mouse button press in the widget. It returns an empty string. """ return self.scan("mark", x) def scan_dragto(self, x): """Compute the difference between the given x argument and the x argument to the last scan mark command It then adjusts the view left or right by 10 times the difference in x-coordinates. This command is typically associated with mouse motion events in the widget, to produce the effect of dragging the spinbox at high speed through the window. The return value is an empty string. """ return self.scan("dragto", x) def selection(self, *args): """Internal function.""" return self._getints( self.tk.call((self._w, 'selection') + args)) or () def selection_adjust(self, index): """Locate the end of the selection nearest to the character given by index, Then adjust that end of the selection to be at index (i.e including but not going beyond index). The other end of the selection is made the anchor point for future select to commands. If the selection isn't currently in the spinbox, then a new selection is created to include the characters between index and the most recent selection anchor point, inclusive. Returns an empty string. """ return self.selection("adjust", index) def selection_clear(self): """Clear the selection If the selection isn't in this widget then the command has no effect. Returns an empty string. """ return self.selection("clear") def selection_element(self, element=None): """Sets or gets the currently selected element. If a spinbutton element is specified, it will be displayed depressed """ return self.selection("element", element) ########################################################################### class LabelFrame(Widget): """labelframe widget.""" def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): """Construct a labelframe widget with the parent MASTER. STANDARD OPTIONS borderwidth, cursor, font, foreground, highlightbackground, highlightcolor, highlightthickness, padx, pady, relief, takefocus, text WIDGET-SPECIFIC OPTIONS background, class, colormap, container, height, labelanchor, labelwidget, visual, width """ Widget.__init__(self, master, 'labelframe', cnf, kw) ######################################################################## class PanedWindow(Widget): """panedwindow widget.""" def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): """Construct a panedwindow widget with the parent MASTER. STANDARD OPTIONS background, borderwidth, cursor, height, orient, relief, width WIDGET-SPECIFIC OPTIONS handlepad, handlesize, opaqueresize, sashcursor, sashpad, sashrelief, sashwidth, showhandle, """ Widget.__init__(self, master, 'panedwindow', cnf, kw) def add(self, child, **kw): """Add a child widget to the panedwindow in a new pane. The child argument is the name of the child widget followed by pairs of arguments that specify how to manage the windows. The possible options and values are the ones accepted by the paneconfigure method. """ self.tk.call((self._w, 'add', child) + self._options(kw)) def remove(self, child): """Remove the pane containing child from the panedwindow All geometry management options for child will be forgotten. """ self.tk.call(self._w, 'forget', child) forget=remove def identify(self, x, y): """Identify the panedwindow component at point x, y If the point is over a sash or a sash handle, the result is a two element list containing the index of the sash or handle, and a word indicating whether it is over a sash or a handle, such as {0 sash} or {2 handle}. If the point is over any other part of the panedwindow, the result is an empty list. """ return self.tk.call(self._w, 'identify', x, y) def proxy(self, *args): """Internal function.""" return self._getints( self.tk.call((self._w, 'proxy') + args)) or () def proxy_coord(self): """Return the x and y pair of the most recent proxy location """ return self.proxy("coord") def proxy_forget(self): """Remove the proxy from the display. """ return self.proxy("forget") def proxy_place(self, x, y): """Place the proxy at the given x and y coordinates. """ return self.proxy("place", x, y) def sash(self, *args): """Internal function.""" return self._getints( self.tk.call((self._w, 'sash') + args)) or () def sash_coord(self, index): """Return the current x and y pair for the sash given by index. Index must be an integer between 0 and 1 less than the number of panes in the panedwindow. The coordinates given are those of the top left corner of the region containing the sash. pathName sash dragto index x y This command computes the difference between the given coordinates and the coordinates given to the last sash coord command for the given sash. It then moves that sash the computed difference. The return value is the empty string. """ return self.sash("coord", index) def sash_mark(self, index): """Records x and y for the sash given by index; Used in conjunction with later dragto commands to move the sash. """ return self.sash("mark", index) def sash_place(self, index, x, y): """Place the sash given by index at the given coordinates """ return self.sash("place", index, x, y) def panecget(self, child, option): """Query a management option for window. Option may be any value allowed by the paneconfigure subcommand """ return self.tk.call( (self._w, 'panecget') + (child, '-'+option)) def paneconfigure(self, tagOrId, cnf=None, **kw): """Query or modify the management options for window. If no option is specified, returns a list describing all of the available options for pathName. If option is specified with no value, then the command returns a list describing the one named option (this list will be identical to the corresponding sublist of the value returned if no option is specified). If one or more option-value pairs are specified, then the command modifies the given widget option(s) to have the given value(s); in this case the command returns an empty string. The following options are supported: after window Insert the window after the window specified. window should be the name of a window already managed by pathName. before window Insert the window before the window specified. window should be the name of a window already managed by pathName. height size Specify a height for the window. The height will be the outer dimension of the window including its border, if any. If size is an empty string, or if -height is not specified, then the height requested internally by the window will be used initially; the height may later be adjusted by the movement of sashes in the panedwindow. Size may be any value accepted by Tk_GetPixels. minsize n Specifies that the size of the window cannot be made less than n. This constraint only affects the size of the widget in the paned dimension -- the x dimension for horizontal panedwindows, the y dimension for vertical panedwindows. May be any value accepted by Tk_GetPixels. padx n Specifies a non-negative value indicating how much extra space to leave on each side of the window in the X-direction. The value may have any of the forms accepted by Tk_GetPixels. pady n Specifies a non-negative value indicating how much extra space to leave on each side of the window in the Y-direction. The value may have any of the forms accepted by Tk_GetPixels. sticky style If a window's pane is larger than the requested dimensions of the window, this option may be used to position (or stretch) the window within its pane. Style is a string that contains zero or more of the characters n, s, e or w. The string can optionally contains spaces or commas, but they are ignored. Each letter refers to a side (north, south, east, or west) that the window will "stick" to. If both n and s (or e and w) are specified, the window will be stretched to fill the entire height (or width) of its cavity. width size Specify a width for the window. The width will be the outer dimension of the window including its border, if any. If size is an empty string, or if -width is not specified, then the width requested internally by the window will be used initially; the width may later be adjusted by the movement of sashes in the panedwindow. Size may be any value accepted by Tk_GetPixels. """ if cnf is None and not kw: cnf = {} for x in self.tk.split( self.tk.call(self._w, 'paneconfigure', tagOrId)): cnf[x[0][1:]] = (x[0][1:],) + x[1:] return cnf if type(cnf) == StringType and not kw: x = self.tk.split(self.tk.call( self._w, 'paneconfigure', tagOrId, '-'+cnf)) return (x[0][1:],) + x[1:] self.tk.call((self._w, 'paneconfigure', tagOrId) + self._options(cnf, kw)) paneconfig = paneconfigure def panes(self): """Returns an ordered list of the child panes.""" return self.tk.call(self._w, 'panes') ###################################################################### # Extensions: class Studbutton(Button): def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): Widget.__init__(self, master, 'studbutton', cnf, kw) self.bind('<Any-Enter>', self.tkButtonEnter) self.bind('<Any-Leave>', self.tkButtonLeave) self.bind('<1>', self.tkButtonDown) self.bind('<ButtonRelease-1>', self.tkButtonUp) class Tributton(Button): def __init__(self, master=None, cnf={}, **kw): Widget.__init__(self, master, 'tributton', cnf, kw) self.bind('<Any-Enter>', self.tkButtonEnter) self.bind('<Any-Leave>', self.tkButtonLeave) self.bind('<1>', self.tkButtonDown) self.bind('<ButtonRelease-1>', self.tkButtonUp) self['fg'] = self['bg'] self['activebackground'] = self['bg'] ###################################################################### # Test: def _test(): root = Tk() text = "This is Tcl/Tk version %s" % TclVersion if TclVersion >= 8.1: try: text = text + unicode("\nThis should be a cedilla: \347", "iso-8859-1") except NameError: pass # no unicode support label = Label(root, text=text) label.pack() test = Button(root, text="Click me!", command=lambda root=root: root.test.configure( text="[%s]" % root.test['text'])) test.pack() root.test = test quit = Button(root, text="QUIT", command=root.destroy) quit.pack() # The following three commands are needed so the window pops # up on top on Windows... root.iconify() root.update() root.deiconify() root.mainloop() if __name__ == '__main__': _test()